Wilshire 5000

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The Dow Jones Wilshire 5000 Total Stock Market Index, also known as the Dow Jones Wilshire 5000 Composite Index or simply the Wilshire 5000 is a broad base stock market index often used to represent the entire United States stock market. It measures the performance of all public companies based in the United States with "readily available price data"; that is, the value of common stock, real estate investment trusts (REITs), and limited partnerships of companies whose primary stock market listing is on the New York Stock Exchange, NASDAQ, or American Stock Exchange.

The Wilshire 5000 is a market capitalization-weighted index, meaning price change in its components are factored against the total market capitalization of those components. Dow Jones publishes both an index based on full market capitalization and also one based on a float-adjusted market capitalization, reflecting the number of shares actually available to trade. The list of securities is updated monthly to add new listings for corporate spin-offs and initial public offerings, and to remove companies which move to the pink sheets or stop trading for ten days.

The index was created by Wilshire Associates in 1974 and named for the approximate number of issues it included at that time. It reached an all-time high of 14,751.64 on March 24, 2000, representing a total market capitalization of over $14.7 trillion. It was renamed the "Dow Jones Wilshire 5000" after the Dow Jones & Company took over responsibility for its calculation and maintenance in April 2004. On November 14, 2006, the index closed above 14,000 points for the first time in more than six years.

It is worthwhile to note that, as of late 2006, the index remains hundreds of billions of dollars in market capitalization off its spring 2000 peak; yet, a total market investment at that peak, if all dividends were immediately re-invested when issued, became profitable during trading on September 28, 2006 and on a closing basis October 3.[1] (On October 3, coincidentally, the narrower but popular Dow Jones Industrial Average surpassed its former all-time nominal high.)

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