Wave base

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The wave base is the maximum depth at which a water wave's passage causes water motion.

Image:wavebase.jpg

Water is moved in a circular motion when a wave passes. The radius of the circle of motion for any given water molecule decreases with depth. The maximum depth of influence of a water wave is half the wavelength. Below that depth the water remains stationary as the wave passes.

For instance, in a pool of water 1 foot deep, a wave with a 2-foot wavelength would barely be moving the water at the bottom. In the same pool, a wave with a wavelength of 1 foot would not be able to cause water movement on the bottom.

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