Portal:War/Selected anniversaries/November

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Selected anniversaries in November

November 1

• 241 - Battle of Samhain fought in Ireland.
• 1592 - At the Battle of Busan, the outnumbered Korean navy defeats a larger Japanese army.
• 1861 - American Civil War: Abraham Lincoln appoints George McClellan as the commander of the Union Army, replacing the aged General Winfield Scott.
• 1914 - World War I: the first Royal Navy defeat of the war with Germany, the Battle of Coronel, is fought off of the western coast of Chile, in the Pacific.
• 1943 - World War II: United States Marines, the 3rd Marine Division, land on Bougainville in the Solomon Islands.
• 1943 - World War II: In support of the landings on Bougainville, U.S. aircraft carrier forces attack the huge Japanese base at Rabaul, just to the north.
• 1944 - World War II: Units of the British Army land at Walcheren in the Netherlands.

November 2

• 1675 - A combined attack by the Plymouth, Rhode Island, Massachusetts Bay and Connecticut colonies attacks the Great Swamp Fort, owned by the Narragansetts during King Philip's War.
• 1861 - American Civil War: Western Department Union General John C. Fremont is relieved of command and replaced by David Hunter.
• 1899 - The Boers started their 118 day siege of British held Ladysmith during the Second Boer War.
• 1914 - Russia declares war on the Ottoman Empire.

November 3

• 1918 - Austria-Hungary enters an armistice with the World War I Allies, and the Habsburg-ruled empire dissolves.
• 1942 - World War II: Second Battle of El Alamein ends - German forces under Erwin Rommel are forced to retreat during the night.
• 1944 - World War II: Two supreme commanders of the Slovak National Uprising, Generals Ján Golian and Rudolf Viest are captured, tortured and later executed by German forces.
• 1967 - Vietnam War: Battle of Dak To begins.

November 4

• 1864 - American Civil War: Battle of Johnsonville - Confederate troops bombard a Union supply base and destroy millions of dollars in materiel.
• 1939 - World War II: U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt orders the United States Customs Service to implement the Neutrality Act of 1939, allowing cash-and-carry purchases of weapons by belligerents.
• 1942 - World War II: Second Battle of El Alamein - Disobeying a direct order by Adolf Hitler, General Field Marshal Erwin Rommel leads his forces on a five-month retreat.
• 1956 - Soviet troops enter Hungary to end the Hungarian revolution that started on October 23. Thousands are killed, more are wounded, and nearly a quarter million leave the country.
• 1970 - Vietnam War: Vietnamization - The United States turns control of the Binh Thuy Air Base in the Mekong Delta over to South Vietnam.

November 5

• 1556 - Second Battle of Panipat: Fifty miles north of Delhi, a Mogul Army defeats Hindu forces of General Hemu to ensure Akbar the throne of India.
• 1757 - Seven Years' War: Frederick the Great defeated the allied armies of France and the Holy Roman Empire in the Battle of Rossbach.
• 1854 - The Battle of Inkerman fought during the Crimean War.
• 1862 - American Civil War: Abraham Lincoln removes George McClellan as commander of the Union Army for the second and final time.

November 6

• 1917 - World War I: Third Battle of Ypres ends; after three months of fierce fighting, Canadian forces take Passchendaele in Belgium.
• 1941 - World War II: Soviet leader Joseph Stalin addresses the Soviet Union for only the second time during his three-decade rule. He states that even though 350,000 troops were killed in German attacks so far, that the Germans have lost 4.5 million soldiers (a wild exaggeration) and that Soviet victory was near.
• 1942 - SS City of Cairo sunk by German U-Boat U-68 in the South Atlantic en route to Brazil from Cape Town.
• 1944 - Plutonium is first produced at the Hanford Atomic Facility, subsequently used in the Fat Man Atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki, Japan.

November 7

• 1811 - Tecumseh's War: Battle of Tippecanoe fought near present-day Battle Ground, Indiana, United States.
• 1861 - American Civil War: Battle of Belmont: In Belmont, Missouri, Union forces led by General Ulysses S. Grant overrun a Confederate camp but are forced to retreat when Confederate reinforcements arrive.
• 1914 - The German colony of Kiaochow Bay and its centre at Tsingtao are captured by Japanese forces.
• 1917 - World War I: Third Battle of Gaza ends: British forces capture Gaza from the Ottoman Empire.

November 8

• 1620 - The Battle of White Mountain, the first battle in the Thirty Years' War, takes place near Prague, ending in a decisive Catholic victory in only two hours.
• 1861 - American Civil War: The "Trent Affair" – The USS San Jacinto stops the United Kingdom mailship Trent and arrests two Confederate envoys, sparking a diplomatic crisis between the UK and US.
• 1942 - World War II: Operation Torch - United States and United Kingdom forces land in French North Africa.
• 1950 - Korean War: United States Air Force Lt. Russell J. Brown shoots down two North Korean MiG-15s in the first jet aircraft-to-jet aircraft dogfight in history.

November 9

• 1492 - Peace of Etaples between Henry VII & Charles VIII.
• 1862 - American Civil War: Union General Ambrose Burnside assumes command of the Army of the Potomac, after George McClellan was removed.

November 10

• 1775 - American Revolutionary War: The Continental Congress passes a resolution creating two battalions of Continental Marines (later renamed the United States Marine Corps) to serve as landing troops for the recently created Continental Navy.
• 1865 - Major Henry Wirz, the superintendent of a prison camp in Andersonville, Georgia, is hanged, becoming the only American Civil War soldier executed for war crimes.
• 1942 - World War II: Germany invades Vichy France following French Admiral François Darlan's agreement to an armistice with the Allies in North Africa.
• 1944 - Ammunition ship USS Mount Hood (AE-11) exploded at Seeadler Harbour, Manus, Admiralty Islands.
• 1954 - US President Dwight D. Eisenhower dedicates the USMC War Memorial (Iwo Jima memorial) in Arlington National Cemetery.
• 1970 - Vietnam War: Vietnamization - For the first time in five years, an entire week ends with no reports of American combat fatalities in Southeast Asia.

November 11

• 1500 - Treaty of Granada - Louis XII of France and Ferdinand II of Aragon agree to divide the Kingdom of Naples between them.
• 1839 - The Virginia Military Institute is founded in Lexington, Virginia.
• 1864 - American Civil War: Sherman's March to the Sea - Union General William Tecumseh Sherman begins burning Atlanta, Georgia to the ground in preparation for his march south.
• 1918 - World War I ends: Germany signs an armistice agreement with the Allies in a railroad car outside of Compiègne in France. The war officially stops at 11:00.
• 1918 - Józef Piłsudski comes to Warsaw and assumes supreme military power in Poland. Poland regains its independence.
• 1921 - The Tomb of the Unknowns is dedicated by US President Warren G. Harding at Arlington National Cemetery.
• 1940 - World War II: Battle of Taranto - The Royal Navy launches the first aircraft carrier strike in history, on the Italian fleet at Taranto.
• 1940 - The German cruiser Atlantis captures top secret British mail, and sends it to Japan.

November 12

• 764 - Tibetan troops occupy Chang'an, the capital of the Chinese Tang Dynasty, for fifteen days.
• 1941 - World War II: Temperatures around Moscow drop to -12 ° C and the Soviet Union launches ski troops for the first time against the freezing German forces near the city.
• 1941 - Soviet cruiser "Chervona Ukraina" was destroyed during the battle of Sevastopol.
• 1942 - World War II: The Naval Battle of Guadalcanal between Japanese and American forces begins near Guadalcanal, will last for three days.
• 1944 - World War II: The Royal Air Force launches one of the most successful precision bombing attacks of war and sinks the German battleship Tirpitz off the coast of Norway.
• 1948 - In Tokyo, an international war crimes tribunal sentences seven Japanese military and government officials to death, including General Hideki Tojo, for their roles in World War II.
• 1969 - Vietnam War: My Lai Massacre - Independent investigative journalist Seymour Hersh breaks the My Lai story.

November 13

• 1775 - American Revolutionary War: Patriot revolutionary forces under Col. Ethan Allen attack Montreal, defended by British General Guy Carleton. Allen and his troops were disorganised and soundly defeated; however, Brigadier General Richard Montgomery's force entered Montreal unopposed.
• 1941 - World War II: The aircraft carrier HMS Ark Royal is torpedoed by U 81, she sinks on November 14.
• 1942 - World War II: Naval Battle of Guadalcanal - U.S. and Japanese ships engage in an intense, close-quarters surface naval engagement during the Battle of Guadalcanal .

November 14

• 1862 - American Civil War: President Abraham Lincoln approves General Ambrose Burnside's plan to capture the Confederate capital at Richmond, Virginia, leading to the Battle of Fredericksburg.
• 1940 - World War II: In England, the city of Coventry is heavily bombed by German Luftwaffe bombers.
• 1941 - World War II: The aircraft carrier HMS Ark Royal sinks due to torpedo damage from U 81 sustained on November 13.
• 1965 - Vietnam War: Battle of the Ia Drang begins - the first major engagement between regular American and North Vietnamese forces.

November 15

• 655 - Battle of Winwaed: Penda of Mercia defeated by Oswiu of Northumbria.
• 1864 - American Civil War: Union General William Tecumseh Sherman burns Atlanta, Georgia and starts Sherman's March to the Sea.
• 1942 - World War II: The Naval Battle of Guadalcanal ends in a decisive Allied victory.
• 1969 - Cold War: The Soviet submarine K-19 collides with the American submarine USS Gato in the Barents Sea.

November 16

• 1632 - The Battle of Lützen, where king Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden is killed.
• 1776 - American Revolutionary War: Hessian mercenaries capture Fort Washington from the Patriots.
• 1857 - Second relief of Lucknow. The most Victoria Crosses won in a single day (24).
• 1863 - American Civil War: Battle of Campbell's Station near Knoxville, Tennessee. Confederate troops unsuccessfully attack Union forces.
• 1940 - World War II: In response to Germany's leveling of Coventry, England two days before, the Royal Air Force bombs Hamburg.

November 17

• 1796 - Napoleonic Wars: Battle of Arcole - French forces defeat the Austrians in Italy.
• 1856 - American Old West: On the Sonoita River in present-day southern Arizona, the United States Army establishes Fort Buchanan in order to help control new land acquired in the Gadsden Purchase.
• 1863 - American Civil War: Siege of Knoxville begins - Confederate forces led by General James Longstreet place Knoxville, Tennessee under siege.
• 1969 - Cold War: Negotiators from the Soviet Union and the United States meet in Helsinki to begin SALT I negotiations aimed at limiting the number of strategic weapons on both sides.

November 18

• 1916 - World War I: First Battle of the Somme ends - In France, British Expeditionary Force commander Douglas Haig calls off the battle which started on July 1, 1916.
• 1940 - World War II: German leader Adolf Hitler and Italian Foreign Minister Galeazzo Ciano meet to discuss Benito Mussolini's disastrous invasion of Greece.
• 1943 - World War II: 440 Royal Air Force planes bomb Berlin causing only light damage and killing 131. The RAF lost nine aircraft and 53 air crew.

November 19

• 1863 - American Civil War: Union President Abraham Lincoln delivers the Gettysburg Address at the military cemetery dedication ceremony in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania.
• 1941 - World War II: Battle between HMAS Sydney and HSK Kormoran. The two ships sink each other off the coast of Western Australia, with the loss of 645 Australians and about 77 German seamen.
• 1942 - World War II: Battle of Stalingrad - Soviet Union forces under General Georgy Zhukov launch the Operation Uranus counterattacks at Stalingrad, turning the tide of the battle in the USSR's favor.

November 20

• 762 - Bögü, Khan of the Uighurs, conquers Lo-Yang, capital of the Chinese Empire.
• 1700 - Great Northern War: Battle of Narva - King Charles XII of Sweden defeats the army of Tsar Peter the Great at Narva.
• 1917 - World War I: Battle of Cambrai begins - British forces make early progress in an attack on German positions but are later pushed back.
• 1940 - World War II: Hungary, Romania and Slovakia join the Axis Powers.
• 1943 - World War II: Battle of Tarawa begins - United States Marines land on Tarawa Atoll in the Gilbert Islands and suffer heavy fire from Japanese shore guns and machine guns.

November 21

• 1920 - Bloody Sunday during the Anglo-Irish War.
• 1962 - The Chinese People's Liberation Army declares a unilateral cease-fire in the Sino-Indian War.
• 1967 - Vietnam War: American General William Westmoreland tells news reporters: "I am absolutely certain that whereas in 1965 the enemy was winning, today he is certainly losing."
• 1970 - Vietnam War: Operation Ivory Coast - A joint Air Force and Army team raids the Son Tay prison camp in an attempt to free American POWs thought to be held there.
• 1971 - Indian troops partly aided by Mukti Bahini (Bengali guerrillas) defeated the Pakistan army in the Battle of Garibpur.

November 22

• 1864 - American Civil War: Sherman's March to the Sea: Confederate General John Bell Hood invades Tennessee in an unsuccessful attempt to draw Union General William T. Sherman from Georgia.
• 1942 - World War II: Battle of Stalingrad - General Friedrich von Paulus sends Adolf Hitler a telegram saying that the German 6th army is surrounded.
• 1972 - Vietnam War: The United States loses its first B-52 Stratofortress of the war.

November 23

• 1863 - American Civil War: Battle of Chattanooga begins - Union forces led by General Ulysses S. Grant reinforce troops at Chattanooga, Tennessee and counter-attack Confederate troops.

November 24

• 1863 - American Civil War: Battle of Lookout Mountain - Near Chattanooga, Tennessee, Union forces under General Ulysses S. Grant capture Lookout Mountain and begin to break the Confederate siege of the city led by General Braxton Bragg.
• 1941 - World War II: The United States grants Lend-Lease to the Free French.
• 1944 - World War II: Bombing of Tokyo - The first bombing raid against the Japanese capital from the east and by land was made by 88 American aircraft.

November 25

• 1177 - Baldwin IV of Jerusalem and Raynald of Chatillon defeat Saladin at the Battle of Montgisard.
• 1491 - The siege of Granada, last Moorish stronghold in Spain, begins.
• 1542 - Battle of Solway Moss. The English army defeats the Scottish.
• 1758 - French and Indian War: British forces capture Fort Duquesne from French control.
• 1863 - American Civil War: Battle of Missionary Ridge - At Missionary Ridge in Tennessee, Union forces led by General Ulysses S. Grant break the Siege of Chattanooga by routing Confederate troops under General Braxton Bragg.

November 26

• 1863 - American Civil War: Mine Run - Union forces under General George Meade position against troops led by Confederate General Robert E. Lee.
• 1865 - Battle of Papudo: The Spanish navy engages a combined Peruvian-Chilean fleet north of Valparaiso, Chile.
• 1939 - Shelling of Mainila: The Soviet Army orchestrates the incident which is used to justify the start of the Winter War with Finland four days later.
• 1941 - World War II: Attack on Pearl Harbor - A fleet of six aircraft carriers commanded by Japanese Vice Admiral Chuichi Nagumo leaves Hitokapu Bay for Pearl Harbor under strict radio silence.
• 1941 - World War II: The Hull note ultimatum is delivered to Japan by the United States.
• 1950 - Korean War: Troops from the People's Republic of China move into North Korea and launch a massive counterattack against South Korean and American forces (Battle of Chosin Reservoir), ending any hopes of a quick end to the conflict.

November 27

• 1863 - American Civil War: Confederate cavalry leader John Hunt Morgan and several of his men escape the Ohio state prison and return safely to the South.
• 1868 - Indian Wars: Battle of Washita River - United States Army Lieutenant Colonel George Armstrong Custer leads an attack on Cheyenne living on reservation land.
• 1940 - World War II: At the Battle of Cape Spartivento, the Royal Navy engages the Regia Marina in the Mediterranean.
• 1942 - World War II: At Toulon, the French navy scuttles its ships and submarines to keep them out of Nazi hands.

November 28

• 1443 - Skanderbeg and his forces liberate Kruja, in Middle Albania and raise the Albanian flag.
• 1862 - American Civil War: In the Battle of Cane Hill, Union troops under General John Blunt defeat General John Marmaduke's Confederates.
• 1943 - World War II: Tehran Conference - US President Franklin D. Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and Soviet leader Joseph Stalin meet in Tehran to discuss war strategy.

November 29

• 1830 - November Uprising: An armed rebellion against Russia's rule in Poland begins.
• 1872 - Indian Wars: The Modoc War begins with the Battle of Lost River.
• 1950 - Korean War: North Korean and Chinese troops force United Nations forces to retreat from North Korea.

November 30

• 1853 - Crimean War: The Russian navy destroys the Ottoman fleet at the Battle of Sinop.
• 1864 - American Civil War: Battle of Franklin — The Army of Tennessee led by General John Bell Hood mounts a dramatically unsuccessful frontal assault on Union positions around Franklin, Tennessee (Hood lost six generals and almost a third of his troops).
• 1939 - Winter War: Soviet forces invade Finland and reach the Mannerheim Line, starting the war.
• 1942 - World War II: A U.S. warship force is defeated by a smaller Japanese warship force in the Battle of Tassafaronga during the Guadalcanal Campaign.
• 1943 - World War II: Tehran Conference — U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and Soviet leader Josef Stalin establish an agreement concerning a planned June 1944 invasion of Europe codenamed Operation Overlord.