Voiced epiglottal fricative
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| IPA – number | 174 |
| IPA – text | ʢ |
| IPA – image |  |
| Entity | ʢ |
| X-SAMPA | <\ |
| Kirshenbaum | |
| Sound sample | |
|---|---|
The voiced epiglottal approximant/fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ʢ, and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is <\.
Although traditionally placed in the fricative row of the IPA chart, [ʢ] is usually an approximant. The IPA symbol itself is ambiguous, but no language has a distinct fricative and approximant at this place of articulation. Sometimes the lowering diacritic is used to specify that the manner is approximant: [ʢ̞].
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[edit] Features
Features of the voiced epiglottal approximant/fricative:
- Its manner of articulation is approximant, or occasionally fricative, which means it is produced by constricting air flow through a channel at the place of articulation that is not usually narrow enough to cause turbulence.
- Its place of articulation is epiglottal which means it is articulated with the epiglottis against the back of the pharynx
- Its phonation type is voiced, which means the vocal cords are vibrating during the articulation.
- It is an oral consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth.
- Because it is pronounced in the throat, without a component in the mouth, the central/lateral dichotomy does not apply.
- The airstream mechanism is pulmonic egressive, which means it is articulated by pushing air out of the lungs and through the vocal tract, rather than from the glottis or the mouth.
[edit] Occurrence
The sound has been reported as occurring in Dargin; phonetic evidence also suggests that the ayin of certain dialects of Arabic and Hebrew may actually be a voiced epiglottal fricative or approximant rather than the voiced pharyngeal fricative it is usually described as in the literature.[1]
[edit] References
- ^ Ladefoged, Peter, Ian Maddieson. The Sounds of the World's Languages. Oxford: Blackwell, 167–70. ISBN 0-631-19815-6.
[edit] See also
| Consonants (List, table) | See also: IPA, Vowels | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| This page contains phonetic information in IPA, which may not display correctly in some browsers. [Help] Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a voiced consonant. Shaded areas denote pulmonic articulations judged impossible. |
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