Virgin Records
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| Virgin Records | |
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| Parent company | EMI |
| Founded | 1972 |
| Founder(s) | Richard Branson |
| Distributing label | Virgin Records (in the US) |
| Genre(s) | Various |
| Country of Origin | UK, US |
| Website | Official site of Virgin Records |
Virgin Records is a British recording label founded by British entrepreneur Richard Branson, and Nik Powell in 1972. It was later sold to Thorn EMI.
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[edit] Kraut- & Prog-rock origins
Branson & Powell had initially run a small record shop called Virgin in London, specialising particularly in "krautrock" imports, before turning their business into a fully-fledged record label. The name Virgin, according to Branson (in his autobiography), arose from a colleague of his when they were brainstorming business ideas. She suggested Virgin - as they were all new to business - like "virgins".
The original Virgin logo (known to fans as the "Gemini" or "Twins" logo) was designed by British artist and illustrator Roger Dean: a young naked woman in mirror image with a large long-tailed serpent and the word "Virgin" in Dean's familiar script.
The first release on the label was the classic progressive rock album Tubular Bells by multi-instrumentalist Mike Oldfield in 1973. This was soon followed by some notable krautrock releases, including electronic breakthrough album Phaedra by Tangerine Dream (which went Top 10), and The Faust Tapes and Faust IV by Faust. The Faust Tapes album retailed for 49p (the price of a 7" single) and as a result allowed this relatively unknown band to reach number 12 in the album charts.
[edit] Post-punk rebranding
Although Virgin was initially one of the key labels of British progressive rock, the 1977 signing of the Sex Pistols, who had already been asked to leave both EMI and A&M, reinvented the label as a new wave outpost. Afterwards they signed groups like Human League, Culture Club, Simple Minds, and less successful bands like Shooting Star, the Motors, Holly and the Italians and Fingerprintz. A short-lived subsidiary label, Dindisc, had Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark and The Monochrome Set during its brief 1980-81 existence. Similarly, Virgin Front Line became one of the UK's most successful reggae labels in the late '70s and early '80s.
The current Virgin logo (known informally as "The Scrawl") was created in 1982 as a hasty doodle on a cocktail napkin; rather than hiring the graphic designer, Branson simply paid him for the napkin.
The group Genesis recorded various albums for this record company beginning with 1983's self-titled effort (Virgin reissued the group's prior albums, which had originally been released on the Charisma label in the UK).
After several false starts licensing its bands to American labels like Epic (Culture Club, Holly and the Italians & Shooting Star), Atlantic (Genesis, Julian Lennon) and A&M (UB40, Human League, Breathe), Virgin Records opened up its American division, Virgin Records America, in 1987. Virgin Records America's releases were distributed by WEA with arrangement from Atlantic Records until 1992. Prior to the formation of Virgin Records America, its artists were licensed in the United States to labels such as CBS, A&M, Warner Bros. Records, and others.
[edit] Purchase by Thorn EMI
Virgin Records was sold by Branson to Thorn EMI in June 1992 for a reported US$1 billion (around £560 million) [1][2], with a special non-competition clause that would prevent Branson to found another recording company during the five years following to the agreement (see the final paragraph in E.U. Merger Decission IV/M202 of 27.04.1992). It now faces competition from Branson's new label: V2 Records. Branson sold Virgin Records to fund Virgin Atlantic Airways which at that time was coming under intense anti-competitive pressure from British Airways. (In 1993 BA settled a libel action brought by Branson, giving him £500,000 and a further £110,000 to his airline).
After being acquired by Thorn EMI, Virgin launched several subsidiaries like Realworld Records, Innocent Records, blues specialty label Point Blank Records, and Hut Records, and continued signing new and established artists like Brooke Valentine, Beenie Man, Korn, Geri Halliwell, The Rolling Stones, The Exies, The Smashing Pumpkins, We Are Scientists, Darren Hayes, The Kooks, Bubba Sparxxx, Sharissa, Bossman, Zeitia Massiah, Meat Loaf, Purple Ribbon All-Stars, Placebo, Janet Jackson(Contract ends in 2006), Daft Punk, Does It Offend You, Yeah?, Massive Attack, Neneh Cherry, Blur, the Chemical Brothers, Shape:UK, Juliet, the Spice Girls, Gorillaz, Paula Abdul, Brooke Allison, Angela Via, N.E.R.D. and recently RBD and Bizzy Bone and Fat Joe, Virgin EMI has put a bid in for NUsOuNd Records but the CEO of that company has rejected Virgin's offer most likely because it has deals with some ex Virgin clients including The Spice Girls and Paula Abdul.
[edit] See also
- List of record labels
- Virgin Schallplatten GmbH
- Virgin Group
- Virgin Records artists
[edit] External links
- virginbrand.com Unofficial blog of the Virgin Group
- Virgin Records - art label design & artists at www.collectable-records.ru
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