Vicariate Apostolic of Oriental Oceania
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The Vicariate Apostolic of Central Oceania was a Roman Catholic missionary jurisdiction for some of the South Pacific islands.
[edit] History
The whole of Oceania had at first been entrusted by the Propaganda Fide to the Society of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary (1825); but the territory proving too large, the western portion was afterwards formed into a vicariate Apostolic and given to the Society of Mary (1836), Mgr Pompallier being appointed vicar Apostolic of Western Oceania.
In 1842, the Propaganda created the vicariate Apostolic of Central Oceania, comprising the colonial island states of New Caledonia, Tonga, Samoa and Fiji Islands. By a further subdivision, the vicariate included only the Tonga, the Wallis Islands, Futuna and Niué. The Tonga Islands extend from 15º to 22º S. lat. and from 173º to 176º W. long. Niué is three hundred miles to the east. The Wallis Islands lie in 13º S. lat. and 178º W. long.; Futuna, in 40º 14' S. lat. and 179º 33' W. long. These archipelagos were divided among several more or less constitutional monarchies; the Kingdoms of Tonga, Niué, Wallis and the two Kingdoms of Futuna. Tonga and Niué were under British protectorate, Wallis and Futuna, under French.
Freedom of worship was theoretically recognized everywhere except in Niué, which is exclusively Protestant. Wallis and Futuna were entirely Catholic. In Tonga there were Catholics, Methodists belonging to the Sydney conference, independent Methodists forming a national Church, some Anglicans, Adventists and Mormons.
The total population in the earkly 20th century was 34,000, with 9200 Catholics. There were 35 churches; 21 European and 1 native Marist priests, and 3 native secular priests; 28 schools with 2039 children; 2 colleges; 1 seminary. The establishments for girls were under the care of 52 Sisters of the Third Order of Mary. The boys' schools were conducted by native lay teachers; the colleges and the seminary by priests. The islands were divided into districts, with resident missionaries who assembled every month for an ecclesiastical conference. There were annual retreats for the priests, for the sisters and for the catechists, besides general retreats for the faithful about every two years. In each village there was a sodality of men (Kan Apositolo) and another of women (Fakafeao). The yearly number of baptisms averaged 310; of marriages, 105.
Mgr Bataillon was the first vicar Apostolic, succeeded by Mgr Lamaze, after whose death (1906) succeeded (1910) his coadjutor, Mgr Amand Olier, S.M., as vicar Apostolic. The vicariate has given to the Church the proto-martyr of Oceania, Saint Peter Chanel.
[edit] Source
- This article incorporates text from the public-domain Catholic Encyclopedia of 1913. [1]
