Vermont Republic
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The Vermont Republic was a North American independent republic that lasted from 1777 to 1791, when it became the state of Vermont—the fourteenth state of the United States of America.
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[edit] History
In 1763, the Treaty of Paris ended the French and Indian War, giving the area to the British. Parts of the region were controlled by the Province of New York and the Province of New Hampshire, with overlap due to controversy surrounding the New Hampshire Grants, and George III's decision to make that part of New York.
[edit] Founding
Ethan Allen and his "Green Mountain Boys" became the militia, and fought against the British, then later against New York and New Hampshire, and on January 15, 1777 the rebels declared the region independent as the Republic of New Connecticut, although it was sometimes known colloquially as the Republic of the Green Mountains. On July 8 of that same year, the name of the fledgling nation was officially changed to Vermont (from the French for Green Mountains, les Verts Monts).
[edit] Frame of government
The Constitution of the Vermont Republic was drafted and ratified in 1777, and was the first written national constitution in North America. It was also the first constitution in the New World to outlaw slavery and allow all adult males to vote, regardless of property ownership. During the Vermont Republic, sometimes referred to as "the first republic", a veiled suggestion of future independence, the government issued its own coinage, currency and operated a postal service. The general Assembly and Governor's Council adopted the infantry banner of the Green Mountain Boys as the national flag of the nascent republic. The Governor of the Republic, Thomas Chittenden, with consent of his council and the unicameral General Assembly, appointed ambassadors to France, the Netherlands, and to the American government seated in Philadelphia. The Vermont Republic is sometimes referred to as a "reluctant republic" because many early citizens favored political union with the United States. The independent status held until 1791, when Vermont joined the Union, in part as a non-slaveholding counterweight to the slaveholding Kentucky. The admission of Vermont was supported by the North, the smaller states, and states concerned about the impact of the sea-to-sea grants held by other states. Thomas Chittenden served as head of state for Vermont for most of this period, and became its first governor as a member-state in the United States.
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- Allen, Ira. The Natural and Political History of the State of Vermont. Charles E. Tuttle; Publishers; 1798, 1969, 1971. ISBN 0-8048-0419-2.
- Bryan, Frank, and John McClaughry. The Vermont Papers: Recreating Democracy on a Human Scale. Chelsea Green Publishing: 1989. ISBN 0-930031-19-9.
- Orton, Vrest. Personal Observations on the Republic of Vermont. Acedmy Books: 1981. ISBN 0-914960-30-X.
- Van DeWater, Frederic F. The Reluctant Republic: Vermont 1724-1791. The Countryman Press: 1974. ISBN 0-914378-02-3.
- The Constitution of the State of Vermont: a Fascimile Copy of the 1777 Original. The Vermont Historical Society: 1977.
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