TV4 AB
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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| Type | Broadcast radio and television |
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| Country | Sweden |
| Availability | National; international (via tv4.se) |
| Founder | Ingemar Leijonborg, Gunnar Bergvall |
| Owner | Bonniers, Proventus, Alma Media |
| Key people | Jan Scherman, Bengt Braun Daniel Sachs launch_date = 1990 (television) |
| Past names | Nordisk Television (1984-1990) |
| Website | www.tv4.se |
TV4 AB (previously known as Nordisk Television AB) is a Swedish media company that owns the largest commercial television channel in Sweden, TV4.
The main owners of the company are Bonniers, Proventus, Schibsted, and MTV Oy. The stock is also traded at the Stockholm Stock Exchange.
In an interesting move, two Swedish filmmakers sued TV4 over copyright infringement in November 2004 for placing commercials during their film's TV broadcasts. This was unexpected, given that commercial broadcasters around the world normally interrupt their programs to make money. Surprisingly, the filmmakers won. Though the verdict lacks any real effect, contracts today are written with a clause that commercial breaks will take place and both filmmakers claimed it to be a victory for directors in Sweden.
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[edit] Businesses
Besides TV4, TV4 AB also broadcasts these channels:
- TV4 Plus, launched in March 2003 broadcasting sport, games and entertainment.
- TV4 Film, launched in April 2004 broadcasting uninterrupted movies.
- TV400, launched in January 2005 broadcasting youth-oriented entertainment, replacing the interactive Med i teve.
- TV4 Fakta, launched in September 2005, originally planned as a news channel, but eventually becoming a channel only broadcasting documentaries.
- Sport-EXPRESSEN (51% ownership), sports station in conjunction with daily tabloid Expressen.
- Tv4 Komedi, stars autumn 2006.
- Tv4 Guld, stars autumn 2006.
The company also owns TV4 Sverige AB that owns all the 16 regional stations and TV4 Vision that includes TV4 Text-TV and internet services like the websites tv4.se and blip.se and on-demand service TV4 Anytime. TV4 is also involved in the selling of merchandising, DVDs, CDs, magazines and books relating to the television programmes.
[edit] History
TV4 was founded in 1984 by Ingemar Leijonborg och Gunnar Bergvall as Nordisk Television AB ("Nordic Television"). They intended to start a Swedish commercial television channel.
It took several years for Leijonborg and Bergvall to find someone willing to invest in their channel, but it was eventually launched on September 15, 1990 as "TV4", broadcasting from the Tele-X satellite. A Norwegian sister channel, TV4 Norway, was also launched, but was sold a few years later.
At the time, it was clear that the government intended to launch a third terrestrial station and that it would be commercially funded. The two main competitors for the new channel were Nordisk Television and Kinnevik (owners of TV3). Eventually it was Nordisk Television who got the license since Kinnevik agreed to withdraw their application. In exchange, Kinnevik bought 30 percent of Nordisk Television and a company called Airtime AB was set up to sell advertising in TV3 and TV4, giving Kinnevik control of almost all television advertising in Sweden. TV4 could start broadcasting terrestrially in the spring of 1992. Nordisk Television discontinued the Airtime agreement in 1993, a decision followed by years of discussion between Kinnevik and the other owners of the company.
Nordisk Television started trading on the Stockholm Stock Exchange in 1994 and changed its legal name to TV4 AB.
With the terrestrial license followed an obligation to give some airtime to different regional companies. This would regularly be owned by TV4 in conjunction with local investors and media companies. With the start of TV4 Uppland the number of regional stations reached sixteen. Eventually, TV4 AB started buying regional stations and in 2001 they owned all but one, TV4 Fyrstad, which went bankrupt in 2003. TV4 then merged all regional stations into a single entity, TV4 Sverige AB.
TV4 started broadcasting in the digital terrestrial television network in 1999. In 2001, they started an experimental interactive channel called Mediteve using the space on the digital multiplex. In 2003, a general entertainment channel called TV4 Plus was started. It was followed by TV4 Film in 2004, and TV400 and TV4 Fakta in 2005.
For several years, TV4 wasn't a part of Kinnevik's digital satellite platform Viasat. However, in April 2005, TV4 Plus, TV4 Film and TV400 were launched on Viasat (the TV4 channel had to wait until 2006 due to contracts with the Canal Digital platform).
In the digital television franchise round of 2006, TV4 applied for three new digital channels, but none of them were given a license.
In May 2006, TV4 bought 51 percent of the sports channel Sport-Expressen from the newspaper Expressen.
[edit] Availability of channels
Laws in Sweden state that all television operators must carry the analogue version of TV4 (until 2008). As of 2005, TV4 is transmitted free-to-air on the digital terrestrial network while TV4 Plus, TV4 Film, TV400 and TV4 Fakta require subscription from Boxer, Canal Digital or Viasat via satellite, or cable TV from several cable networks, including Tele2Vision, Com Hem and Canal Digital. TV4 Plus is available in analogue form via most cable TV networks, while the others are mostly digital-only.
See also: List of Swedish television channels
