Toyota T engine
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Toyota T series is a family of inline-4 automobile engines manufactured by Toyota starting in 1970 and ending in 1985. It started as a Push Rod Overhead Valve(OHV) design and later, performance oriented Dual Overhead Cam(DOHC) variants were added to the lineup. Toyota had built its solid reputation on the reliability of these engines.
The 4T-GTE variant of this engine allowed Toyota to compete in the World Rally Championship in the early 1980s, making it the first Japanese manufacturer to do so.
The bottom end of the Toyota 503 Race engine is patterned after the 3T engine. Race engines based on the 2T-G include the 100E, 151E.
- All T engines utilize a timing chain and have a cast iron block with an alloy cylinder head with hardened valve seats and a hemispherical combustion chamber design (HEMI)..
- All T engines are carburated except those with electronic fuel injection, "E" designation.
- All T engines use a 2 valve OHV design except those with a DOHC performance head, "G" designation.
- The 12T/13T has a sub-cylinder directly behind the spark plug that leads into a smaller chamber for emission purposes.
The Toyota T engine series was later replaced by the Toyota A engine series.
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[edit] T-(B) (1.4L)
The first T engine displaced 1407 cc and was produced from 1970 through 1979. Cylinder bore is 80 mm (3.15 in) and stroke is 70 mm (2.76 in).
Output is 86 hp (64 kW) at 6000 RPM and 85 ft·lbf (115 N·m) at 3800 RPM. The more-powerful twin-carburetor T-B was produced for the first six years.
Applications:
- Toyota Corolla E20 series
[edit] 2T-(B/C/U) (1.6L)
The larger 1588 cc 2T was produced from 1970 through 1984. Cylinder bore is 85 mm (3.35 in) and stroke is 70 mm (2.76 in).
The 2T engines are usually coupled with either a T40 4 speed/T50 5 speed manual transmission, or an A40 4 speed automatic transmission.
Output for the early 2T-C bigport design is 102hp, while the basic version is 75 hp (56 kW) at 5200 RPM and 87 ft.lbf (117 Nm) at 3600 RPM. The twin-carb 2T-B produces 90-105 hp (67-78 kW) and 85-102 ft·lbf (115-138 N·m). California emissions dropped output to 75 hp (56 kW) and 83 ft·lbf (112 N·m).
Applications:
- Toyota Corolla E20 through E30 series
- Toyota Carina A40 series
- Toyota Celica A20 series
- Toyota Corona T70 series
- Daihatsu Charmant
[edit] 12T-U
The 1588 cc 12T-U was produced from 1970 through 1983. It produces 88 hp (66 kW) at 5600 RPM and 96 ft·lbf (130 N·m) at 3400 RPM.
Applications:
- Toyota Corolla E30 series
[edit] 2T-G(E/R/U)
The 2T-G, produced from 1970 through 1983, is a DOHC version. Output is 110-125 hp (82-93 kW) and 105-109 ft·lbf (142-147 N·m). Variants include the air-injected 2T-GR, Japan-spec 2T-GU, and fuel injected 2T-GEU. Twin sidedraft carburators were used in non-EFI versions.
Applications:
- Toyota Corolla Levin E20 through E60 series
- Toyota Celica A20 series
[edit] 3T-(C/E/U) (1.8L)
The 3T displaces 1770 cc and was produced from 1977 through 1985. Cylinder bore is 85 mm (3.35 in) and stroke is 78 mm (3.07 in).
The 3T engines are usually coupled with either a T40 4 speed/T50 5 speed manual transmission, or an A40 4 speed automatic transmission. The exception is the 3T-GTE which is coupled with a W55 5 speed transmission.
Output ranges from 70-105 hp (52-78 kW) and 93-120 ft·lbf (126-162 N·m) between the California 3T-C and Japan-spec fuel injected 3T-EU.
Applications:
- Toyota Corolla E70 series
- Toyota Celica A40 series
[edit] 13T-U
The 1770 cc 13T-U was produced from 1977 through 1982. It produces 95 hp (71 kW) at 5400 RPM and 109 ft·lbf (147 N·m) at 3400 RPM.
Applications:
- Toyota Corolla E70 series
[edit] 3T-GTE
The production homologation model of the WRC-winning 4T-GTE is this engine, the 3T-GTE. It features a twin-spark (two spark plugs per cylinder) design and is turbocharged with a Toyota CT-20 Turbo to generate 160 hp (119 kW) at 6000 RPM and 152 ft·lbf (206 N·m) at 4800 RPM.
Applications:
- Toyota Celica A40 series
[edit] 4T-GTE (2.1L)
This is the race-only version of the T family which powered Toyota's Group B and World Rally Championship cars. As the name implies, it is a 2090cc high-performance DOHC KKK turbo motor with fuel injection and uses a twin-spark design, which produces 370 to 600 hp depending on race trim.
Applications:
- Toyota Celica WRC Group B Rally Car
