TKS spacecraft

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TKS spacecraft
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TKS spacecraft

TKS spacecraft was first designed as a Proton rocket launched manned spacecraft, with the VA (Vozvrashaemiy Apparat) capsule on top for the crew, where they would enter the lower portion of the TKS, the FGB (the "Functional Cargo Block"), through a hatch cut in the heat shield.

The VA capsule was flown separately on four test missions with two capsules in one booster to test the design, as well as one "all up" test mission and three resupply missions with no VA capsule. It was never flown manned.

The TKS design, which has never been flown manned, has gone on to provide the basic structure for the Kvant tug, Kvant-2, Kristall, Spektr, and Priroda modules for the Mir space station as well as the Polyus spacecraft, and the Zarya ISS module.

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