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[edit] 7th Century (601 - 700) (23 BH - 81 AH)
- 610: The first revelation of the QURAN in the cave at Hira.
- 613: Declaration at Mount Safa inviting the general public to Islam.
- 615: Birth of Fatima A.S the daughter of Muhammad (P.B.U.H). She was the wife of Ali ibn Abu Talib (A.S) and all of Muhammad's (P.B.U.H) offsprings are through her. Persecution of the Muslims by the Quraish. A party of Muslims migrates to Abyssinia.
- 616: Second migration to Abysinnia.
- 617: Boycott of the Hashemites and Muhammad (P.B.U.H) by the Quraish.
- 619: Lifting of the boycott. Deaths of Abu Talib and Khadija, Year of Sorrow.
- 620: Visit to Taif. "Ascension to the heavens"
- 622: Hijra -- migration to Medina. First year of Islamic calendar.
- 624: Battle of Badr. Expulsion of the Bani Qainuqa Jews from Medina.
- 625: Birth of Hasan ibn Ali (A.S) who is the second Imam of shiite.Battle of Uhud. Expulsion of Banu Nadir Jews from Medina.
- 626: Birth of Husayn ibn Ali (A.S) who is the 3rd Imam of shiite.[[Expedition of Banu Mustaliq.
- 627: Battle of the Trench. Killing and enslavement of Banu Quraiza Jews who helped the enemies of Islam.
- 628: Treaty of Hudaybiyyah. Battle of Khaybar. Muhammad (P.B.U.H) sends letters to various heads of states.
- 629: Muhammad pilgrimage to Mecca. Expedition to Mu'ta.
- 630: Conquest of Mecca. Battle of Hunayn. Battle of Auras. Siege of al-Ta'if.
- 631: Battle of Tabouk, Ghassanids
- 631 or 632, tribe of Thaqif adopts Islam
- 632: Farewell pilgrimage at Mecca. Muhammad (P.B.U.H) declared Ali ibn Abu Talib (A.S) as Amir al Momenin and his successor in Ghadeer-e-Khum.
- 632: Death of Muhammad (P.B.U.H). Death of Fatima (A.S), his daughter. Abu Bakr assumes power as Caliph. Battles of Zu Qissa.Battles of Zu Abraq. Battle of Buzakha. Battle of Zafar. Battle of Naqra. Campaigns against Bani Tamim and Mosailima.
- 633: Campaigns in Bahrain, Oman, Yemen, and Hadramaut. Raids in Iraq.Battle of Kazima, Battle of Mazar, Battle of Walaja, Battle of Ulleis, Battle of Hirah, Battle of Anbar, Battle of Ein, Battle of Daumatul Jandal, Battle of Firaz.
- 634: Battle of Basra, Battle of Damascus, Battle of Ajnadin. Death of Abu Bakr. Umar ibn al-Khattab becomes the Caliph. Battle of Namaraq, Battle of Saqatia.
- 635: Battle of Bridge, Battle of Buwaib, Conquest of Damascus, Battle of Fahl.
- 636: Battle of Yarmuk, Battle of Qadsiyia, Conquest of Madain.
- 637: Conquest of Syria, Conquest of Jerusalem, Battle of Jalula.
- 638: Conquest of Jazirah.
- 639: Conquest of Khuzistan. Advance into Egypt.
- 640: Battle of Babylon in Egypt.
- 641: Battle of Nihawand; Conquest of Alexandria in Egypt.
- 642: Conquest of Egypt.
- 643: Conquest of Azarbaijan and Tabaristan (Mazandaran).
- 644: Conquest of Fars, Kerman, Sistan, Mekran and Kharan. Death of Umar. Uthman ibn Affan becomes the Caliph.
- 646: Campaigns in Khurasan, Armenia and Asia Minor.
- 647: Campaigns in North Africa. Conquest of the island of Cyprus.
- 648: Campaigns against the Byzantines.
- 651: Naval battle of the Masts against the Byzantines.
- 652: Disaffection against the rule of Uthman.
- 656: Uthman is killed. Ali ibn Abi Talib (A.S) becomes the 4th Caliph. Battle of the Camel.
- 657: Ali (A.S) shifts the capital from Medina to Kufa. Battle of Siffin.
- 658: Battle of Nahrawan. Ali ibn Husayn (A.S), the 4th Imam of shiite is born.
- 659: Conquest of Egypt by Muawiyah I.
- 660: Ali (A.S) recaptures Hijaz and Yemen from Muawiyah. Muawiyah I declares himself as the Caliph at Damascus.
- 661: Ali(A.S) was assassinated by Kharijites and martyred during the morning prayer (Fajr) by a blow to his head with a sword dipped in poison. Accession of Hasan bin Ali A.S. Then his Iraqi army abandoned him and so he was obliged to abdicate. Muawiyah becomes the sole Caliph.
- 662: Kharijites revolts.
- 666: Raid of Sicily.
- 669: Hasan ibn Ali (A.S), the second Imam of shiite is poisoned and martyred. Husayn ibn Ali becomes Imam.
- 670: Advance in North Africa. Uqba bin Nafe founds the town of Kairouan in Tunisia. Conquest of Kabul.
- 672: Capture of the island of Rhodes. Campaigns in Khurasan.
- 674: The Muslims cross the Oxus. Bukhara becomes a vassal state.
- 676: Muhammad al Baqir (A.S) , the 5th Imam of shiite is born.
- 677: Occupation of Samarkand and Tirmiz. Siege of Constantinople.
- 680: Death of Muawiyah. Yazid I becomes Caliph. Battle of Karbala and Husayn bin Ali is martyred along with his companions. Ali ibn Husayn (A.S) becomes Imam.
- 682: North Africa Uqba bin Nafe marches to the Atlantic, is ambushed and killed at Biskra. The Muslims evacuate Kairouan and withdraw to Burqa.
- 683: Death of Yazid. Muawiya II becomes Caliph.
- 684: Abd Allah ibn Zubayr declares himself as the Caliph at Mecca. Marwan I becomes the Caliph at Damascus. Battle of Marj Rahat.
- 685: Death of Marwan I. Abd al-Malik becomes the Caliph at Damascus. Battle of Ain ul Wada.
- 686: Al-Mukhtar declares himself as the Caliph at Kufa.
- 687: Battle of Kufa between the forces of Mukhtar and Abd Allah ibn Zubayr. Mukhtar killed.
- 691: Battle of Deir ul Jaliq. Kufa falls to Abdul Malik.
- 692: The fall of Mecca. Death of ibn Zubayr. Abdul Malik becomes the sole Caliph.
- 695: Kharijites revolts in Jazira and Ahwaz. Battle of the Karun. Campaigns against Kahina in North Africa. The Muslims once again withdraw to Barqa. The Muslims advance in Transoxiana and occupy Kish.
- 700: Campaigns against the Berbers in North Africa.
[edit] See also
Timeline of Muslim history
