Thomas Organ Company
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Thomas Organ Company | |
 |
|
| Type | {{{company_type}}} |
|---|---|
| Founded | 1875 |
| Headquarters | Sepulveda, California, USA |
| Key people | Bob Ralston, CEO |
| Industry | Musical instrument manufacturer |
| Products | Digital keyboards; originally a manufacturer of electronic organs for the home |
The Thomas Organ Company is a manufacturer of electronic keyboards and a one-time holder of the manufacturing rights to the Moog synthesizer. The Company was a force behind early electronic organs for the home.
Founded by Edward G. Thomas as the "Thomas Organ & Piano Co." in 1875, the company's first instruments were pipe organs, moving later to pump organs. In the early 1950s, George Thomas invented the Thomas electronic organ with its single manual and ten stops. Thomas reorganized the company in 1956 into the Thomas Organ Company of Sepulveda, California.
Unlike later electronic organs with conventional tab stops, early Thomas electronic organs utilized a dial control for their stops, presumably to add a certain familiarity to its users since the dials worked much like those on a radio or television. This may be evidenced by the introduction of the Talking Organ with its "Built-In Teacher," a phonograph intended for use with instructional recordings.
[edit] Features
Like most American furniture of the 1950s, early Thomas electronic organs were massive affairs; indeed, the company's largest market was the home market. The introduction of the "streamlined" console and the introduction of solid state electronics made Thomas the preeminent manufacturer of home organs. That latter introduction to the Thomas line led to developments much like those found of synthesizers of later years; one later version, the 1973 Monticello, actually incorporated a synthesizer in its upper manual (though not the Moog):
- Repeat Percussion - Playable from either manual, Repeat Percussion emulated the sound of percussive instruments such as a marimba or banjo. The repeat rate was easily adjusted via a thumbwheel on most models
- Vibra-Magic - This innovative feature allowed sustained notes to have gradual vibrato added, again at a setting that could be determined by the organist. Other makers soon followed, giving their variations the more generic name of "delayed vibrato" or similar name
- Leslie speaker - This rapidly spinning speaker, located in its own cabinet within the organ's console, added depth to the otherwise relatively flat sounds generated by the oscillators
- Band Box - This predecesor to the modern drum machine recreated rhythms from a simple foxtrot to a bossa nova, with individual percussion instruments added by the organist via rocker switches. These individual instruments had the aforementioned Repeat Percussion feature allowing the sound of a drum roll or maracas. They also had their own individual triggers, allowing the organist to recreate rimshots, cymbal crashes and even the pop and fizz of a champagne bottle either via buttons on the control panel, at the lower manual or at the pedal board
These features and others were incorporated across the product line throughout the 1960s, including small, relatively expensive spinet models with 37-note manuals and a unique 13-note pedal board, another Thomas Organ innovation, although one which was too narrow to allow heel-toe playing. Especially remarkable was the fact that the spinets started around US$500. Larger models included the Concert Serenade and the Lawrence Welk, each with two 44-note manuals and the aforementioned 13-note pedal board. Larger still were the Celebrity with two 61-note manuals and a 32-note pedal board (revised to a 16-note version in later editions), the American Guild of Organists-compliant Impresario theatre organ and the Model 710 church organ.
Popular kit versions were made available via Heathkit and fully assembled versions under the Silvertone brand were sold by Sears, Roebuck and Company.
The 1960s had the Thomas Organ Company at the height of its popularity. The company became the importer of Italian-made Vox combo organs, the electronics of which would turn up in Thomas models. Thomas also took over manufacturing rights of the Moog synthesizer and enjoyed heavy celebrity endorsement from the likes of Lawrence Welk, whose organist Bob Ralston both played a Thomas on The Lawrence Welk Show and on tour at organ and piano shops to demonstrate the greatly improved tonal quality of the new models, and Lucille Ball, who featured a Thomas on at least one episode of The Lucy Show. Welk had a high-end model named after him in 1968, the aforementioned 88-note Lawrence Welk.
Another innovation during that time was Color-Glo, an instructional system which illuminated the keys of the manuals (and therefore their corresponding notes in reverse relief) from behind with fluorescent lights. The lower manual had red, green and blue colored bands behind the notes necessary to play a second-inversion C, a first-inversion F and a third-inversion G. The lowermost C, F and G pedals had colored bands across their tips corresponding to the chords. The idea was that a rank beginner could create music simply by following the very simple music books and implementing chord changes simply by "matching the colors," as it were.
Thomas Organ Company went out of business in 1979. However, it was resurrected in 1997 as a premier manufacturer of digital keyboards and headed by Bob Ralston.
