Th-alveolarization

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Th-alvealarization is a process that occurs in some African varieties of English where the dental fricatives /ð, θ/ merge with the alveolar stops /z, s/.

In African varieties with the merger, the following words are homophonous:

  • zen, then
  • zees, these
  • sink, think
  • sinks, thinks
  • sinking, thinking
  • sing, thing
  • sings, things
  • sank, thank
  • sin, thin
  • path, pass
  • myth, miss
  • theme, seem
  • themes, seems
  • breathe, breeze
  • maths, mass
  • sought, thought
  • sick, thick
  • sawed, thawed
  • mouse, mouth
  • sues, soothe
  • song, thong
  • songs, thongs
  • clothe, close
  • saw, thaw
  • saws, thaws
  • sore, thaw
  • sores, thaws
  • sword, thawed
  • bathe, bays
  • lathe, lays
  • worth, worse
  • north, Norse
  • growth, gross
  • moth, moss
  • faith, face
  • sort, thought
  • sorts, thoughts
  • force, fourth
  • tense, tenth
  • eighth, ace
  • fourth, force
  • soar, thaw
  • soared, thawed
  • soaring, thawing
  • soars, thaws

For some speakers of African American Vernacular English, /θ/ is alveolarized to /s/ when it occurs at the end of a syllable and within a word before another consonant http://www.rehabmed.ualberta.ca/spa/phonology/features.htm leading to pronunciations like:

  • "bathroom" - /b{srum/
  • "birthday" - /b3`sdeI/