Tape trading
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The practice of Tape trading is an unofficial method of distribution of demo tapes encompassing musical genres such as punk, hardcore, thrash metal and death metal other taped music such as recordings of live shows were also distributed this way, prevalent during the 1980's and 1990's. Tape trading was a postal system reliant, penfriend style nature of an underground network that relied heavily on the cooperation of fans of different musical genres worldwide as well as the acts being promoted this way themselves eschewing any copyright in order to further spread their notoriety. Acts that gained a following through this would often land a record deal. Notable examples of demos include Infernal Death and Demo '87 by Floridian death metal bands Death and Massacre respectively.
The ad hoc system relied on a system of trust, meaning, that meant tapes were swapped in kind' in an honor system, those who did not subscribe to this ethos and received tapes without returning the favour accordingly would become known as 'rip-offs' or 'rip-off traders' and were regarded with scorn. Flyers adverting gigs and recordings and other merchandises for sale were often swapped in conjunction with tape trading. Music that had been licensed to record companies (therefore subject to copyright)and released in the format of Vinyl records, CD and MC's (musicassette) was also pirated onto blank compact cassette medium and traded, although this was in infringement of both unofficial 'rules' of the network and actual copyright law itself.
Many traders would, unrequested, fill unused space on the C-60 and C-90 tapes of demos they compiled for fellow traders with local bands in which they were members, or acolytes of. This led to a musical cross-pollination between geographically diverse and disparate areas such as Scandinavia, USA and the UK and their own respective bands/scenes. One notable example of how initial contact through tape trading lent to this trend is in the case of Righteous Pigs guitarist Mitch Harris who hailed from Las Vegas and Birmingham's Mick Harris, drummer with Napalm Death (not related) who would later collaborate writing and recording music, Mitch Harris would eventually relocate to the UK for this purpose. The very nature of the system ensured that recordings would decrease in sound quality with each trade and would in extreme circumstance become almost unlistenable. The advent of the internet and digital music in its various forms has led to music by unsigned acts being swapped electronically and therefore tape trading through the postal system is considered by most to be outdated.
Heavy Metal Tape Trading (notably Black Metal, Death Metal, Doom Metal, NSBM) through the postal system is still in practise, but mainly as an elitist hobby opposed to an efficient way of discovering new and obscure music. Most contact is made via email or penfriend-style snail-mail conversation.
