T-60 tank

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T-60 at the Finnish Tank Museum in Parola
T-60 scout tank
General characteristics
Crew	2
Length	4.10 m
Width	2.30 m
Height	1.75 m
Weight	5.8 tonnes
Armour and armament
Armour	7 mm-20 mm
Main armament	20 mm TNSh cannon
Secondary armament	7.62 mm coaxial DT
Mobility
Power plant	2×GAZ-202 70+70 hp (52+52 kW)
Suspension	torsion bar
Road speed	44 km/h
Power/weight	24 hp/tonne
Range	450 km

The T-60 scout tank was a light tank produced by the Soviet Union from 1941 to 1942. In this time over 6,292 were built. The tank was designed to replace to obsolete T-38 amphibious scout tank.

N.A. Astrov's design team at Moscow Factory No. 37 was assigned the task of designing amphibious and non-amphibious scout tanks in 1938. They produced the T-30A and T-30B prototypes. The former was to be manufactured as the T-40 amphibious tank starting in 1940. It also led to the T-40S (sukhoputniy, "dry-land" version), a heavier tank prototype which was considered too complex to manufacture. The T-30B prototype, sharing the T-40's chassis but simpler in construction and with heavier armour, was accepted as the T-60 scout tank, and began production in July 1941, just after the German invasion.

Although at first intended to carry a 12.7 mm machine gun like the T-40 the armament was later upgraded to the 20 mm TNSh cannon, a tank version of the ShVAK, on the advisement of the Chairman of the Council of Ministers, V.A. Malyshev. This weapon had the same armour-piercing capability as the German 37 mm due to its high muzzle velocity (15 mm of perpendicular armour at 500 m range). Attempts were made in 1942 to arm the T-60 with the 37mm ZIS-19 canon but were abandoned due to the Soviet Union's shortage of 37mm ammunition.

The T-60 was also used in the design of the experimental T-90 antiaircraft tank. This project switched to the T-70 light tank, and was finally cancelled without any production.

[edit] Gliding tank

Further information: Antonov A-40

One T-60 was converted into a glider in 1942 and was designed to be towed by a Petlyakov Pe-8 or Tupolev TB-3 bomber and was to be used to provide partisan forces with light armour. The tank was lightened for air use by removing armament, ammunition, headlights and leaving a very limited amount of fuel. Even with the modifications the TB-3 bomber had to ditch the glider due to the T-60's poor aerodynamics during its only flight to avoid crashing. The T-60 landed on a field near the airdrome and after dropping the glider wings and tail returned to its base. Due to lack of sufficiently powerful aircraft to tow it the project was cancelled and never resumed.

[edit] References

• Miller, Steven (2000). Tanks of the World: From World War I to the Present Day. Osceola, WI: MBI Publishing. ISBN 0-7603-0892-6.
• Zaloga, Steven J., James Grandsen (1984). Soviet Tanks and Combat Vehicles of World War Two. London: Arms and Armour Press. ISBN 0-85368-606-8.

[edit] External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: T-60

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