Spaceflight records

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This is a list of spaceflight records. Most of these records are about human spaceflights, but some unmanned and canine records are included.

Contents 1 Longest human single flight 2 Longest canine single flight 3 Farthest humans from Earth 4 Highest altitude for non-lunar mission 5 Fastest 6 Most flights 7 Most spacewalks 8 Human spaceflight firsts 9 Total time in space - top 50 space travelers 10 Total human spaceflight time by country 11 Notable unmanned spaceflights 12 See also 13 External links

[edit] Longest human single flight

• Valeri Polyakov, launched 8 January 1994 (Soyuz TM-18), stayed at Mir LD-4 for 437.7 days, during which he orbited the earth about 7,075 times and traveled 300,765,000 km, (186,887,000 miles) returned March 22, 1995 (Soyuz TM-20).

[edit] Longest canine single flight

• Veterok (Ветерок, "Little Wind") and Ugolyok (Уголёк, "Ember") were launched on February 22, 1966 on board Cosmos 110 and spent 22 days in orbit before landing on March 16. This spaceflight of record-breaking duration was not surpassed by humans until Skylab 2 in 1974 and still stands as the longest space flight by dogs.

[edit] Farthest humans from Earth

• Apollo 13 crew; James Lovell, Fred Haise, John Swigert while passing over the far side of the moon at an altitude of 254 km (158 miles) from the lunar surface, were 400,171 km (248,655 miles) from earth. This record breaking distance was reached at 0:21 UTC on April 15, 1970.

[edit] Highest altitude for non-lunar mission

• Gemini 11 fired its Agena Target Vehicle rocket engine on September 14, 1966, at 40 hours 30 minutes after liftoff and achieved an apogee of 1374.1 km (854 miles).

[edit] Fastest

• The Apollo 10 crew; Thomas Stafford, John W. Young and Gene Cernan achieved the highest speed ever attained by humans; 39,896 km/h (11.1 km/s, 24,790 mph).

[edit] Most flights

• 7 Flights
  • Franklin Chang-Diaz - USA*
  • Jerry L. Ross - USA

(*) Costa Rican-born and honorary citizen of Costa Rica

• 6 Flights
  • Curtis Brown - USA
  • Michael Foale - Britain/USA*
  • Sergei Krikalev - Russia
  • Story Musgrave - USA
  • Gennady Strekalov - Russia
  • James Wetherbee - USA
  • John W. Young - USA

(*) Dual citizen.

[edit] Most spacewalks

• Anatoly Solovyev, 16 spacewalks, for 77 hours, 41 minutes EVA (which is also the duration record)

[edit] Human spaceflight firsts

First	Person(s)	Vehicle	Country	Year
Spaceflight and Orbital flight	Yuri Gagarin	Vostok 1	USSR	1961
Sub-orbital flight	Alan Shepard	Freedom 7	USA	1961
Person in space for one day	Gherman Titov	Vostok 2	USSR	1961
Dual spaceflight Two people in space	Andrian Nikolayev Pavel Popovich	Vostok 3 Vostok 4	USSR	1962
Longest solo spaceflight 5-days	Valery Bykovsky	Vostok 5	USSR	1963
Woman in space	Valentina Tereshkova	Vostok 6	USSR	1963
Sub-orbital flight by winged spacecraft	Joe Walker	X-15	USA	1963
Person to enter space twice (above 100 km)	Joe Walker	X-15 Flights 90 and 91	USA	1963
Three person spacecraft	Vladimir Komarov Konstantin Feoktistov Boris Yegorov	Voskhod 1	USSR	1964
Two person spacecraft	Pavel Belyayev Aleksei Leonov	Voskhod 2	USSR	1965
Spacewalk	Aleksei Leonov	Voskhod 2	USSR	1965
Orbital maneuvers (change orbit)	Gus Grissom, John W. Young	Gemini 3	USA	1965
Person to fly two orbital spaceflights	Gordon Cooper	Faith 7 Gemini 5	USA	1965
People to spend one week in space	Gordon Cooper Pete Conrad	Gemini 5	USA	1965
Space rendezvous Four people in space	Frank Borman, Jim Lovell Walter Schirra, Thomas Stafford	Gemini 7 Gemini 6A	USA	1965
People to spend two weeks in space	Frank Borman Jim Lovell	Gemini 7	USA	1965
Space docking	Neil Armstrong David Scott	Gemini 8	USA	1966
Rendezvous with two vehicles - Agena 10 & Agena 8	John W. Young Michael Collins	Gemini 10	USA	1966
Dual spacewalk	Aleksei Yeliseyev Yevgeny Khrunov	Soyuz 4 Soyuz 5	USSR	1969
Moon orbit	Frank Borman James Lovell Bill Anders	Apollo 8	USA	1968
Moon landing	Neil Armstrong Buzz Aldrin	Apollo 11	USA	1969
Five people in space	Shonin, Kubasov Filipchenko, Volkov, Gorbatko	Soyuz 6 Soyuz 7	USSR	1969
Triple spaceflight Seven people in space	Shonin, Kubasov Filipchenko, Volkov, Gorbatko Shatalov, Yeliseyev	Soyuz 6 Soyuz 7 Soyuz 8	USSR	1969
Space station	Georgi Dobrovolski Viktor Patsayev Vladislav Volkov	Soyuz 11	USSR	1971
People in orbit four weeks (1 month)	Pete Conrad Joseph Kerwin Paul Weitz	Skylab 2	USA	1973
People in orbit eight weeks (2 months)	Alan Bean Jack Lousma Owen Garriott	Skylab 3	USA	1973
People in orbit twelve weeks (3 months)	Gerald Carr William Pogue Edward Gibson	Skylab 4	USA	1974
People in orbit twenty weeks (5 months)	Vladimir Kovalyonok , Aleksandr Ivanchenkov	Salyut 6 EO-2, Soyuz 29-Soyuz 31	USSR	1978
People in orbit twenty-six weeks (6 months)	Leonid Popov, Valery Ryumin	Salyut 6 EO-4, Soyuz 35-Soyuz 37	USSR	1980
Person to fly four different types of spacecraft	John Watts Young	STS-1	USA	1981
Four person spaceflight single spacecraft	Vance Brand,Robert F. Overmyer Joseph P. Allen, William B. Lenoir	STS-5	USA	1982
Five person spaceflight single spacecraft First U.S. woman in space	Robert L. Crippen, Frederick H. Hauck John M. Fabian, Sally K. Ride, Norman E. Thagard	STS-7	USA	1983
Six person spaceflight single spacecraft	John W. Young, Brewster H. Shaw Owen K. Garriott, Robert A. Parker, Ulf Merbold-DE, Byron K. Lichtenberg	STS-9	USA Germany	1983
Eight people in space	Oleg Atkov, Vance D. Brand, Robert L. Gibson, Leonid Kizim, Bruce McCandless II, Ronald McNair, Vladimir Solovov, Robert L. Stewart	Salyut 7 EO-3, Soyuz T-10-Soyuz T-11, STS-41-B	USSR USA	1984
People in orbit thirty-three weeks (8 months)	Leonid Kizim, Vladimir Solovyov, Oleg Atkov	Salyut 7 EO-3, Soyuz T-10-Soyuz T-11	USSR	1984
Eleven people in space, no docking	Oleg Atkov, Robert L. Crippen, Terry J. Hart, Leonid D. Kizim, Yuri Malyshev, George Nelson, Francis Scobee, Rakesh Sharma, Vladimir Solovov, Gennady Strekalov, James van Hoften	STS-41-C, Salyut 7 EO-3, Soyuz T-10-Soyuz T-11	USSR USA	1984
Untethered spacewalk	Bruce McCandless II	STS-41-B	USA	1984
Seven person spaceflight single spacecraft	Robert L. Crippen, Jon A. McBride Kathryn D. Sullivan, Sally K. Ride, David C. Leestma, Marc Garneau-CA, Paul D. Scully-Power	STS-41-G	USA Canada	1984
Space station to space station flight	Leonid Kizim Vladimir Solovyov	Soyuz T-15	USSR	1985
Eight person spaceflight single spacecraft	Henry W. Hartsfield, Steven R. Nagel Bonnie J. Dunbar, James F. Buchli, Guion S. Bluford, Reinhard Furrer-DE, Ernst Messerschmid-DE, Wubbo Ockels-NL	STS-61-A	USA West Germany Netherlands	1985
People in orbit fifty-two weeks (12 months)	Vladimir Titov, Musa Manarov, Oleg Atkov	Mir EO-3, Soyuz TM-4-Soyuz TM-6	USSR	1988
Twelve people in space	Viktor Afanasyev, Toyohiro Akiyama, Vance Brand, Samuel Durrance, Guy S. Gardner, Jeffrey A. Hoffman, John M. Lounge, Gennady Manakov, Musa Manarov, Ronald Parise, Robert A. Parker, Gennady Strekalov	STS-35, Mir EO-7, Soyuz TM-10-Soyuz TM-11	USSR USA Japan	1990
Three person spacewalk	Pierre J. Thuot, Richard J. Hieb Thomas D. Akers	STS-49	USA	1991
Thirteen people in space; no docking	Shuttle: Steve Oswald, William Gregory, John Grunsfeld, Wendy Lawrence, Tammy Jernigan, Sam Durrance, Ron Parise Mir: Aleksandr Viktorenko, Yelena Kondakova, Valeriy Polyakov Soyuz: Norman E. Thagard, Vladimir Dezhurov, Gennady Strekalov	STS-67, Mir, Soyuz TM-21	USA Russia	1995
Ten people in one spacecraft; docking	Robert L. Gibson, Charles J. Precourt, Ellen S. Baker, Bonnie J. Dunbar, Gregory J. Harbaugh, Anatoly Solovyev, Nikolai Budarin, Norman E. Thagard, Vladimir Dezhurov, Gennady Strekalov	STS-71, Mir	USA Russia	1995
Person to complete seven trips to space	Jerry L. Ross	STS-110	USA	2002
Privately funded human space flight	Mike Melvill	SpaceShipOne flight 15P	USA	2004

[edit] Total time in space - top 50 space travelers

Rank	Person	Days	Country
1	Sergei Krikalev	804.371	Russia
2	Sergei Avdeyev	747.593	Russia
3	Valeri Polyakov	678.690	Russia
4	Anatoly Solovyev	651.117	Russia
5	Alexander Kaleri	609.911	Russia
6	Viktor Afanasyev	555.772	Russia
7	Yury V. Usachev	553.016	Russia
8	Musa Manarov	541.021	Russia
9	Alexander Viktorenko	489.066	Russia
10	Nikolai M. Budarin	444.060	Russia
11	Yuri Romanenko	430.765	Russia
12	Alexander Volkov	391.495	Russia
13	Yuri I. Onufrienko	389.282	Russia
14	Vladimir G. Titov	387.036	Russia
15	Gennady Padalka	386.592	Russia
16	Vasili Tsibliyev	381.662	Russia
17	Valery G. Korzun	381.653	Russia
18	Leonid Kizim	374.749	Russia
19	Michael Foale	373.763	USA / United Kingdom*
20	Aleksandr Serebrov	372.954	Russia
21	Vladimir Solovyov	361.952	Russia
22	Talgat Musabayev	339.409	Kazakhstan
23	Yuri P. Gidzenko	329.950	Russia
24	Yuri Malenchenko	322.703	Russia
25	Pavel Vinogradov**	311+	Russia
26	Gennadi Manakov	309.889	Russia
27	Aleksandr P. Aleksandrov	309.758	Russia
28	Valery Ryumin	297.924	Russia
29	Gennady Strekalov	268.938	Russia
30	Vladimir Lyakhov	259.563	Russia
31	Viktor Savinykh	252.849	Russia
32	Vladimir Dezhurov	244.229	Russia
33	Oleg Atkov	252.849	Russia
34	Carl E. Walz	230.212	USA
35	Leroy Chiao	229.362	USA
36	Daniel W. Bursch	226.594	USA
37	William S. McArthur	224.930	USA
38	Shannon W. Lucid	223.161	USA
39	Valentin Lebedev	219.250	Russia
40	Vladimir Kovalyonok	216.382	Russia
41	Thomas Reiter**	216+	Germany
42	Kenneth D. Bowersox	211.594	USA
43	Anatoli Berezovoy	211.378	Russia
44	Susan J. Helms	211.048	USA
45	Jean-Pierre Haigneré	209.517	France
46	Edward T. Lu	205.972	USA
47	James S. Voss	202.314	USA
48	Salizhan Sharipov	201.618	Russia
49	Leonid Popov	200.574	Russia
50	Valery Tokarev	199.629	Russia

As of 9 August 2006

(*) Michael Foale holds dual U.S./British citizenship.

(**) Currently in space.

[edit] Total human spaceflight time by country

Rank	Nation	Total person-days
1	USSR/ Russia	17,421.32
2	USA	10,036.30*
3	France	384.67
4	United Kingdom	381.65*
5	Germany	310.24
6	Canada	121.57
7	Japan	102.15
8	Italy	71.12
9	Switzerland	42.50
10	Belgium	19.79
11	Spain	18.88
12	Netherlands	17.90
13	Israel	15.93
14	Ukraine	15.69
15	Bulgaria	11.91
16	China	10.519
17	South Africa	9.893
18	Brazil	9.888
19	Syria	8.91
20	Afghanistan	8.85
21	Czechoslovakia	7.93
22	Austria	7.928
23	Kazakhstan	7.925
24	Poland	7.919
25	Slovakia	7.914
26	India	7.903
27	Hungary	7.865
28	Cuba	7.863
29	Mongolia	7.863
30	Vietnam	7.862
31	Romania	7.862
32	Saudi Arabia	7.069
33	Mexico	6.878

As of April 8, 2006

(*) Dual citizen Michael Foale counted under both nationalities.

[edit] Notable unmanned spaceflights

Body	Spacecraft	Event	Country	Date
Earth	A4	First spaceflight	Germany	1944
Earth	Sputnik 1	First satellite in orbit	USSR	October 4, 1957
Earth	Vanguard 1	Oldest satellite still in orbit— expected to stay in orbit 240 years. Ceased transmissions in May, 1964	USA	March 17, 1958
Moon	Luna 1	First flyby, dist. of 5,995 km	USSR	January 4, 1959
Moon	Luna 2	First impact	USSR	September 14, 1959
Earth	Discoverer 13	First satellite recovered from Orbit	USA	August 11, 1960
Venus	Venera 1	First flyby, dist. of 100,000 km (lost communication contact before)	USSR	May 19, 1961
Venus	Mariner 2	First flyby, dist. of 34,762 km (with communication contact)	USA	December 14, 1962
Mars	Mariner 4	First flyby, dist. of 9,846 km	USA	July 14, 1965
Moon	Luna 9	First soft landing	USSR	January 31, 1966
Venus	Venera 3	First impact	USSR	March 1, 1966
Moon	Luna 10	First orbiter	USSR	April 3, 1966
Venus	Venera 7	First soft landing	USSR	August 1, 1970
Moon	Luna 16	First automated sample return	USSR	September 24, 1970
Moon	Luna 17	First automated roving vehicle - Lunokhod 1	USSR	November 17, 1970
Mars	Mariner 9	First orbiter	USA	November 14, 1971
Mars	Mars 2	First impact	USSR	November 27, 1971
Mars	Mars 3	First soft landing, telemetry signal for 20 s before transmissions ceased	USSR	December 2, 1971
Jupiter	Pioneer 10	First flyby, dist. of 130,000 km	USA	December 3, 1973
Mercury	Mariner 10	First flyby, dist. of 703 km	USA	March 29, 1974
Venus	Venera 9	First orbiter	USSR	October 22, 1975
Sun	Helios 2	Highest velocity of a spacecraft relative to the sun, 247,510 km/h at .29 AU perihelion	West Germany	April 17, 1976
Saturn	Pioneer 11	First flyby, dist. of 21,000 km	USA	September 1, 1979
Venus	Venera 13	First sound record on another planet	USSR	March 1, 1982
Venus	Vega 1	First helium balloon atmospheric probe	USSR	June 11, 1985
Uranus	Voyager 2	First flyby, dist. of 81,500 km	USA	January 24, 1986
Comet Halley	Vega 1	First comet flyby, dist. of 8,890 km	USSR	March 6, 1986
	Pioneer 10	First extra-solar spacecraft (disputed because only according to some definitions)	USA	June 13, 1986
Neptune	Voyager 2	First flyby, dist. of 40,000 km	USA	August 25, 1989
951 Gaspra	Galileo probe	First asteroid flyby, dist. of 1,600 km	USA	October 29, 1991
Jupiter	Galileo probe	First impact	USA	December 7, 1995
Jupiter	Galileo probe	First orbiter	USA	December 7, 1995
Mars	Mars Pathfinder	First automated roving vehicle - Sojourner	USA	July 4, 1997
433 Eros	NEAR Shoemaker	First asteroid orbiter	USA	February 14, 2000
433 Eros	NEAR Shoemaker	First asteroid soft landing	USA	February 12, 2001
Saturn	Cassini orbiter	First orbiter	ESA USA	July 1, 2004
Titan	Huygens probe	First soft landing	ESA USA	January 14, 2005
Comet Tempel 1	Deep Impact	First comet impact	USA	July 4, 2005
	Voyager 1	At greatest distance from Earth, 15 billion km	USA	As of 2006
	Pioneer 6	Longest operating space probe, brief contact was reestablished on December 8, 2000, after nearly 35 years in space.	USA	As of 2005

[edit] See also

• Human spaceflight

v • d • e  Space Exploration Lists and Timelines
List of human spaceflights • Timeline of spaceflight • List of human spaceflights by program • List of astronauts by name •  List of astronauts by selection • List of spacewalks and moonwalks • List of Mir visiting spacecrafts and crews • List of Mir Expeditions • List of Mir spacewalks • List of NASA missions • List of Apollo astronauts • List of space shuttle missions • Space Shuttle crews • List of manned spaceflights to the ISS • List of International Space Station visitors • List of ISS spacewalks • List of unmanned spaceflights to the ISS • List of Constellation missions • List of Chinese spaceflights
Landings on other planets • List of planetary probes • Timeline of artificial satellites and space probes • List of objects at Lagrangian points • List of artificial objects on extra-terrestrial surfaces • List of artificial objects on the Moon • List of artificial objects on Venus • List of artificial objects on Mars • Timeline of Earth science satellites • List of Earth observation satellites
List of space exploration milestones, 1957-1969 • Space firsts • Spaceflight records • Timeline of astronauts by nationality • Timeline of first orbital launches by nationality • Timeline of Solar System exploration • Timeline of the Space Race
List of manned spacecraft • List of unmanned spacecraft by program • List of spacecraft • List of launch vehicles • Timeline of rocket and missile technology • List of space agencies • List of private spaceflight companies

[edit] External links

• Russia's unmanned moon missions