Socialist Party (Netherlands, interbellum)
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The Socialist Party (in Dutch: Socialistische Partij, SP) was a Dutch revolutionary syndicalist libertarian socialist political party. The SP played only a minor role in Dutch political history.
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[edit] Party History
The Socialist Party was founded in 1918 as the political arm of the syndicalist trade union National Workers' Secretariat (Nationaal Arbeiders' Secretariaat). All its founders had their personal background in the free socialist movement of Ferdinand Domela Nieuwenhuis. The secretary of the NAS, Harm Kolthek, became the top candidate of the SP. In the 1918 election the restriction to get into the Tweede Kamer were relatively low, one needed more than half of a percentage of the vote to be elected. Consequently the SP was elected with only 9000 votes (that is .7% of vote).
In parliament the party worked together with League of Christian Socialists and the Social Democrat Party (later Communist Party Holland) in the revolutionary parliamentary party. This cooperation was not very productive and soon Kolthek became more independent.
In 1922, after the election laws were made more stringent, the SP was unable to retain its seats. Increased competition from the Communist Party Holland and the anarchist Rapaille Party also inhibited electoral success. Meanwhile the power of the CPH over the NAS began to grow. In 1928 the party was officially dissolved. The party also competed in succesfully in the 1925 elections. In 1929 most of its former members joined the Revolutionary Socialist Party of Henk Sneevliet.
[edit] Ideology & Issues
The SP was a revolutionary syndicalist libertarian socialist party. It sought to end private ownership in general and combat the ruling class.
The SP wanted to abolish indirect taxation and implement a system of strongly progressive income taxes. It wanted to end child labour and night shifts and reduce the working day to eight hours. Education should be free of charge.
It wanted to replace monarchy by a republic, abolish secret diplomacy, the army and the navy. It supported independence for the Dutch Indies
Furthermore the party wanted to ensure the equal rights of men and women. It also sought to combat alcoholism.
[edit] Representation
In this table the election results of the SP in Tweede Kamer and Eerste Kamer elections is represented, as well as the party's political leadership: the fractievoorzitter, is the chair of the parliamentary party and the lijsttrekker is the party's top candidate in the general election, these posts are normally taken by the party's leader.
| Year | TK | EK | Lijsttrekker | Fractievoorzitter |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1918 | 1 | 0 | Harm Kolthek | Harm Kolthek |
| 1919 | 1 | 0 | no elections | Harm Kolthek |
| 1920 | 1 | 0 | no elections | Harm Kolthek |
| 1921 | 1 | 0 | no elections | Harm Kolthek |
[edit] Muncipal Government
In the municipal elections of 1919 the party won seats in several muncipal legislatures including, Amsterdam, Zaanstad and Vlissingen
[edit] Electorate
The electorate of the SP was concentrated in the lower classes. It drew its main support from the region around Amsterdam.
[edit] International Comparison
The SP as a libertarian-socialist party, linked to syndicalist union, can best be compared to the Spanish Syndicalist Party.
