Snowshoe Thompson
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Snowshoe Thompson (April 30, 1827 – May 15, 1876) was a nickname for the Norwegian-American John A. Thompson, an early resident of the Sierra Nevada of Nevada and California. He is considered the father of California skiing.
Thompson was born Jon Torsteinson-Rue in the town of Tinn, Norway. Between 1856 and 1876, he delivered mail between Sacramento and Genoa, Nevada and later Virginia City, Nevada. Despite his nickname, he did not make use the snowshoes that are native to North America, but rather would travel with what the local people applied that term to: ten-foot (over 3-meter) skis, and a single sturdy pole generally held in both hands at once. He knew this version of cross-country skiing from his native Scandinavia, and employed it during the winter, as one of the earlier introducers of the skill to the United States. Thompson delivered the first silver ore to be mined from the Comstock Lode. Later he taught others how to make skis, as well as the basics of their use. Despite his twenty years of service, he was never paid for delivering the mail.
Thompson typically made the eastward trip in three days, and the return trip in two days. He usually traveled the route known as "Johnson's Cutoff", a pathway first marked by early explorer and first man to deliver mail over the Sierra John Calhoun Johnson, which is today the route of U.S. Highway 50 as it winds its way from Placerville, California to South Lake Tahoe. Thompson carried no blanket and no gun; he claimed he was never lost even in blizzards. A rescue attributed to him was that of a man trapped in his cabin by unusually deep snow. Thompson reached him, realized the damage to the man's legs from frostbite was sufficient to kill him, skied out to get chloroform, skied back in with it, and saved his patient by performing the required amputation himself.
Snowshoe Thompson died of appendicitis which developed into pneumonia on May 15, 1876. His grave can still be seen in Genoa, Nevada, in Carson Valley, east of Lake Tahoe.
