Sitina Tunnel

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The Sitina Tunnel is a motorway tunnel under construction in Bratislava, Slovakia on the D2 motorway at the "Lamačská cesta - Staré grunty" section. It will be the first two-tube tunnel in Slovakia and by its opening, the entire D2 motorway in Slovakia and the inner Bratislava bypass will be completed.

[edit] Preparation and facts

The preparation works for both the tunnel and the motorway section began in the 1990s. The route had to be chosen; there were 3 variants:

1st variant suggested a motorway along the old road without tunnel
2nd variant suggested a shorter tunnel
3rd variant suggested a longer tunnel

After studying all the 3 variants, the variant with a shorter tunnel was selected, mainly for environmental reasons. The tunnel from that variant is 1440 m long for the western (right) tube, and 1415 m for the eastern (left) tube. The covered parts near the building of the Slovak Academy of Sciences are 206 m and 216 m long, respectively. The width of the road is 7.5 m, with sidewalks on both sides wide 1 m. The gradient for 600 m from the southeastern portal is 1.59 % and for the rest 2.35 %. The maximum allowed speed will be 80 km/h. The tunnels were built using New Austrian Tunnelling method(NATM).

Due to construction near built-up areas, several changes had to be made:

Relocating entrance gate to the Bratislava ZOO, so that the access road could be built
Demolishing some buildings to make way for the motorway and the objects associated with it
Rebuilding existing roads at both ends, so that access roads and interchanges could be built
Rebuilding some other streets
Other changes like relocation of electrical wires

The planned costs of the tunnel and of the entire section are 3.5 billions SKK(app. 94 m Euro), 18% of that are paid from the state budget and the rest from a loan provided by the Japan Bank for International Cooperation(JBIC).

[edit] Construction

In May 2003, construction works began at the motorway section, and in October 2003, works were launched at the tunnel itself by driving from the southeastern portal (being the Staré grunty side). In summer 2004, driving began from the northwestern portal as well. Driving was a bit slower than expected due to damaged geological zones, in which stronger lining had to be made. The breakthrough for the western tube was made on February 8, 2005 and for the eastern tube on May 3, 2005. The construction works were finished in December 2005 and technological works followed. As of September 2006, the tunnel is almost complete and access roads to the tunnel are being built. The tunnel is expected to be opened for traffic in and completed in May 2007. It was also planned to open it for traffic in December 2006 but problems with aquifer on the northern side caused to postpone the opening.