Sidónio Pais
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| Prime Minister | |
| Order: | 67th (13th of the Republic) |
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| Term of Office | December 5, 1917 - December 14, 1918 |
| Predecessor: | Afonso Costa (as Prime Minister) |
| Successor: | João do Canto e Castro |
| President of the Portuguese Republic | |
| Order: | 4th |
| Term of Office | April 28, 1918 - December 14, 1918 |
| Predecessor: | Himself (as Head of State) Bernardino Machado (as President) |
| Successor: | João do Canto e Castro |
| Date of Birth | May 1, 1872 |
| Place of Birth: | Coimbra |
| Date of Death | December 14, 1918 |
| Place of Death: | Lisbon |
| Nickname | Presidente-Rei (President-King) |
| Wife: | Maria dos Prazeres Martins Bessa |
| Occupation: | Military officer (Major) Lecturer of Calculus |
| Political Party: | National Republican ("Sidonist") |
Sidónio Bernardino Cardoso da Silva Pais (pron. IPA [si'dɔniu paiʃ]; Coimbra, 1 May 1872 - Lisbon, 14 December 1918) was a Portuguese politician, President in 1918. He was known as the President-King.
He was an army officer and taught mathematics at the Army school, and later, at the University of Coimbra. He became a member of Parliament in 1911, and would be Minister of Finance for a short period. He was ambassador in Berlin from 1912 until 1916, when Portugal joined the First World War on the Allied side. He was a Germanophile.
On December 5, 1917, he led a coup d'état, and imposed an authoritarian regime. He was proclaimed President two weeks later, and elected on direct elections on April 28, 1918.
His short period in office saw a warming of Church-state relations, the extension of the electoral franchise, and the smashing defeat of the ill-prepared Portuguese troops at La Lys, in France.
He escaped a first assassination attempt, but was shot on December 14, 1918, at Rossio railway station, in Lisbon, when he was preparing to board a train to Oporto, in order to quell a rebellion. Some theories assert that his assassination had been ordered by Britain, which could not afford to lose the Portuguese colonial assets in the war against Germany, should Pais take in consideration its sympathy for Imperial Germany.[citation needed]
| Preceded by: Bernardino Machado |
President of Portugal 1917–1918 |
Succeeded by: João do Canto e Castro |
| Preceded by: Afonso Costa |
Prime Minister of Portugal 1917–1918 |
Succeeded by: João do Canto e Castro |
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| Persondata | |
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| NAME | Pais, Sidónio |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Sidónio Bernardino Cardoso da Silva Pais |
| SHORT DESCRIPTION | Portuguese president |
| DATE OF BIRTH | May 1, 1872 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Coimbra, Portugal |
| DATE OF DEATH | December 14, 1918 |
| PLACE OF DEATH | Lisbon, Portugal |
