Senior Military College

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In the United States, a Senior Military College is one of six colleges that offer military Reserve Officers' Training Corps (ROTC) programs and are recognized under 10 USC 2111a. The six senior military colleges are:

Under U.S. law, there are three types of ROTC programs administered, each with a different element. In addition to "Civilian Colleges" and "Military Junior Colleges" there are Senior Military Colleges ("Military colleges" or SMCs). These are defined by the following criteria:

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  • (1) Grant baccalaureate degrees.
  • (2) Require a course in military training during the undergraduate course for all undergraduate students who are physically fit, except those listed below.
    • (a) Foreign nationals
    • (b) Students who are not liable for induction because they have completed active training and service honorably.
    • (c) Students who are excused by the proper institutional authority and approved by the Professor of Military Science (PMS).
    • (d) Females who elect not to participate in ROTC.
  • (3) Organize cadets into a corps of cadets under military discipline.
  • (4) Require all members of the corps (including members enrolled in the ROTC) to be in uniform when on campus.
  • (5) Have as objectives the development of the student’s character through military training and the regulation of conduct according to principles of military discipline.
  • (6) Meet military standards similar to those maintained at the service academies.

Unlike Civilian Colleges and Military Junior Colleges, the SMCs are required by law to offer ROTC programs to all students and require that all residential male students participate. The military program is optional for women.

"Regulations . . . may not require a college or university, as a condition of maintaining its designation as a military college or for any other purpose, to require female undergraduate students enrolled in such college or university to participate in military training."[1]

Cadets at the SMCs are authorized to take the ROTC program all four years and not commission, unlike other colleges where cadets are required to sign a contract before entering their final two years.

Under both AR 145-1 and federal law, the Senior Military Colleges are treated differently. Unlike ROTC at other schools, the Department of Defense is prohibited from closing or reducing the ROTC programs at the SMC's, even during time of war (full or total mobilization).

"The Secretary of Defense and the Secretaries of the military departments may not take or authorize any action to terminate or reduce a unit of the Senior Reserve Officers’ Training Corps at a senior military college unless the termination or reduction is specifically requested by the college"[2] and "[SMC] ROTC programs will continue at an accelerated rate as directed."[3]

In contrast with other colleges and universities: "Under full or total mobilization, the Secretary of the Army may withdraw the ROTC detachments without giving prior notice to the academic institution. The establishment of new SROTC detachments will not be authorized after full mobilization has been declared." All MS-IV cadets at the Senior Military Colleges will be commissioned and directed to attend the proper officers basic course (OBC). At other colleges, ROTC programs will be suspended and the cadre will immediately be available for reassignment.

Another advantage to the SMCs is that all cadets at the Senior Military Colleges are guaranteed active duty commissions when they graduate.

"The Secretary of the Army shall ensure that a graduate of a senior military college who desires to serve as a commissioned officer on active duty upon graduation from the college, who is medically and physically qualified for active duty, and who is recommended for such duty by the professor of military science at the college, shall be assigned to active duty."

[edit] External links

[edit] Notes

  1. ^ 10 USC 2009. United States Code. Legal Information Institute (1985). Retrieved on 2006-11-16.
  2. ^ 10 USC 2111a. United States Code. Legal Information Institute ([[]]). Retrieved on 2006-11-16.
  3. ^ AR 145-1 (Reserve Officers’ Training Corps). Army Regulation. United States Army (1996). Retrieved on 2006-11-16.
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