Semitic gods and goddesses

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Ancient Southwest Asian deities
Levantine deities
Adonis \| Anat \| Asherah \| Ashima \| Astarte \| Atargatis \| Ba'al \| Berith \| Dagon \| Derceto \| El \| Elyon \| Eshmun \| Hadad \| Kothar \| Mot \| Qetesh \| Resheph \| Shalim \| Yarikh \| Yam
Mesopotamian deities
Adad \| Amurru \| An/Anu \| Anshar \| Asshur \| Abzu/Apsu \| Enki/Ea \| Enlil \| Ereshkigal \| Inanna/Ishtar \| Kingu \| Kishar \| Lahmu & Lahamu \| Lilith \| Marduk \| Mummu \| Nabu \| Nammu \| Nanna/Sin \| Nergal \| Ninhursag/Damkina \| Ninlil \| Tiamat \| Utu/Shamash
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Semitic gods refers to the gods or deities of peoples generally classified as speaking a Semitic language. As Semitic itself is a rough, categorical term, the definitive bounds of the term "Semitic gods" are likewise only approximate.

A topic of particular interest is the transition of Semitic polytheism into our contemporary understanding of monotheism by way of the god El, a name of the god of Judaism and cognate to Islam's Allah.

Scholars have speculated that the "transition" from polytheism to monotheism was likely a form of theological supremacy — by which the theology of a supreme deity, the "One God," naturally grew from the supremacy of a particular culture to which that "One God" was favorable toward. (See covenant.) Thus, as the culture and people expanded, their monotheistic beliefs and specific God was carried with them.

[edit] Proto-Semitic Gods

This is a partial list of possible Proto-Semitic deities.

(akk. Akkadian-Babylonian; ug. Ugaritic; phoin. Phoinician; hebr. Hebrew; Arab. Arabic; OSA. Old South Arabic; eth. Ethiopic)

*Ilu "god" (Supreme God: akk. Ilu, ug. il, phoin. ’l / Ēlos, hebr. Ēl / Elohim, OSA. ’l ). The Arabic Name Allāh is al-ilah "The God".
*Aṯiratu (Ilu's wife: ug. aṯrt, hebr. Ašērāh'' OSA. ’ṯrt ).
- She is also called *Ilatu "goddess" (akk. Ilat, phoin. ’lt, Arab. Allāt ).
  - Also related (linguistically) are *ʻAṯtaru (God of Fertility: ug. ʻṯtr, OSA ʻṯtr, eth. ʻAstar ) and
    - *ʻAṯtartu (Goddess of Fertility: akk. Ištar, ug. ʻṯtrt, phoin. ʻštrt / Astarte hebr. ʻAštoreṯ ). The meaning of the names are unknown.
*Haddu / *Hadadu (Storm God: akk. Adad, ug. hd, phoin. Adodos ). The meaning of the name is probably “thunderer”.
- This god is also known as *Baʻlu "man, husband, lord" (akk. Bel, ug. bʻl, phoin. bʻl / Belos, hbr. Ba'al ).
*Śamšu "sun" (Sun goddess: ug. špš, OSA: šmš, but akk. Šamaš is a male god).
*Wariḫu "moon" (Moon god: ug. yrḫ, hebr. Yārēaḥ, OSA. wrḫ ).