Wikipedia:Selected anniversaries/November
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| << | Selected anniversaries for November | >> | ||||
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| An archive of historical anniversaries that appeared on the Main Page 2006 day arrangement |
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November 1: National Day in Algeria, Independence Day in Antigua and Barbuda (1981), All Saints' Day in Catholicism, World Vegan Day
- 1512 - Michelangelo finished repainting the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel (pictured) in fresco.
- 1520 - Ferdinand Magellan led the first European expedition to navigate the Strait of Magellan, the passage immediately south of mainland South America, connecting the Pacific and the Atlantic Oceans.
- 1755 - A massive earthquake and subsequent tsunami destroyed Lisbon, and killed over 100,000 people in Portugal and Morocco.
- 1954 - The "Front de Libération Nationale" began the Algerian War of Independence against French rule, with guerrilla attacks in various parts of Algeria.
- 1963 - The Arecibo Observatory, with the world's largest radio telescope, officially opened in Arecibo, Puerto Rico.
Recent days: October 31 – October 30 – October 29
November 2: All Souls' Day in Western Christianity; Day of the Dead in Mexico.
- 1817 - The Bank of Montreal, Canada's oldest chartered bank, opened in Montreal, Quebec.
- 1917 - Arthur Balfour (pictured) issued the Balfour Declaration, proclaiming British support for Jewish settlements in Palestine.
- 1936 - BBC Television Service, the first regular, public, high-definition television station in the world, was launched.
- 1947 - Howard Hughes flew Spruce Goose, the largest flying boat ever built, on its maiden flight in Long Beach, California.
- 2000 - The first crew arrived at the International Space Station.
Recent days: November 1 – October 31 – October 30
November 3: Independence Day in Panama (1903), Dominica (1978) and the Federated States of Micronesia (1986); Culture Day in Japan.
- 1793 - French playwright, journalist and outspoken feminist Olympe de Gouges was guillotined for her revolutionary ideas.
- 1838 - The Times of India, the world's largest circulated English language daily broadsheet newspaper, was founded.
- 1848 - A new constitution drafted by Johan Rudolf Thorbecke (pictured) was proclaimed, severely limiting the powers of the monarchy of the Netherlands.
- 1957 - The Sputnik 2 spacecraft was launched, carrying Laika the Russian space dog as the first living being to orbit the Earth.
- 1971 - The UNIX Programmer's Manual was first published.
Recent days: November 2 – November 1 – October 31
November 4: Flag Day in Panama, Unity Day in Russia.
- 1852 - Count Cavour (pictured) became prime minister of Piedmont-Sardinia, which soon expanded to become the Kingdom of Italy.
- 1869 - Nature, one of the oldest and most reputable general purpose scientific journals, was first published.
- 1890 - In London, England, the City & South London Railway, the first deep-level underground railway in the world, opened.
- 1979 - Hundreds of Iranian students seized the U.S. embassy in Tehran, beginning a 444-day hostage crisis.
- 1995 - Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin was mortally wounded by Yigal Amir while at a peace rally at the Kings of Israel Square in Tel Aviv.
Recent days: November 3 – November 2 – November 1
November 5: Guy Fawkes Night in the United Kingdom and some Commonwealth countries.
- 1605 - The Gunpowder Plot: Thomas Knyvet arrested explosives expert Guy Fawkes and foiled Robert Catesby's plot to destroy the Houses of Parliament in London, England.
- 1688 - Glorious Revolution: Protestant Prince William of Orange landed at Brixham in Devon, on his way to depose his father-in-law King James II, the last Catholic monarch of England.
- 1838 - The collapse of the United Provinces of Central America began with Nicaragua seceding from the federation.
- 1872 - Suffragette Susan B. Anthony (pictured) voted in the U.S. presidential election for the first time. She was later fined $100 for her participation.
- 1917 - St. Tikhon of Moscow was elected Patriarch of Moscow and of the Russian Orthodox Church.
Recent days: November 4 – November 3 – November 2
November 6: Constitution Day in the Dominican Republic (1844) and Tajikistan (1994); Gustavus Adolphus Day in Sweden.
- 1860 - Abraham Lincoln (pictured) became the first Republican candidate to win the U.S. presidential election.
- 1935 - Edwin Armstrong presented his study on frequency modulation for FM radio broadcasting to the Institute of Radio Engineers.
- 1962 - The United Nations General Assembly adopted Resolution 1761, condemning South Africa's apartheid policies.
- 1963 - Duong Van Minh officially took over the government of South Vietnam a few days after the assassination of President Ngo Dinh Diem.
- 1975 - Demonstrators in Morocco began the Green March to Spanish Sahara, calling for the "return of the Moroccan Sahara."
Recent days: November 5 – November 4 – November 3
November 7: Election Day in the United States (2006)
- 1665 - The London Gazette, the oldest surviving English newspaper, was first published.
- 1885 - Construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway, the first transcontinental railroad across Canada, concluded with Sir Donald Smith driving in the "last spike" (pictured) in Craigellachie, British Columbia.
- 1917 - Vladimir Lenin led a Bolshevik insurrection against the Provisional Government of Alexander Kerensky, starting the October Revolution in Russia.
- 1987 - Zine El Abidine Ben Ali deposed Habib Bourguiba to become President of Tunisia.
- 1996 - NASA launched the Mars Global Surveyor.
Recent days: November 6 – November 5 – November 4
November 8: St. Demetrius' Day in Bosnia and Herzegovina
- 1519 - Spanish conquest of Mexico: Hernán Cortés entered Tenochtitlan where Aztec tlatoani Moctezuma II welcomed him with great pomp as would befit a returning god.
- 1793 - In Paris, the Louvre was opened to the public as a museum during the French Revolution.
- 1895 - Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen (pictured) discovered x-rays.
- 1923 - Adolf Hitler, Erich Ludendorff and other members of the Kampfbund started the Beer Hall Putsch, a failed attempt to seize power in Germany.
- 2002 - The UN Security Council unanimously passed Resolution 1441, forcing Iraq to disarm or face "serious consequences".
Recent days: November 7 – November 6 – November 5
November 9: Muhammad Iqbal's Day in Pakistan; Inventor's Day in Germany, Austria and Switzerland; Schicksalstag in Germany.
- 1799 - The coup of 18 Brumaire led by Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès (pictured) and Napoléon Bonaparte deposed the French government, replacing the Directory with the Consulate.
- 1918 - German Emperor William II abdicated, Prince Maximilian of Baden resigned as Chancellor, and Philipp Scheidemann proclaimed the Weimar Republic.
- 1953 - Cambodia gained independence from France and became a constitutional monarchy under King Norodom Sihanouk.
- 1989 - The Berlin Wall fell, marking the symbolic end of the Cold War, impending collapse of the Warsaw Pact, and beginning of the end of Soviet communism.
Recent days: November 8 – November 7 – November 6
- 1865 - Henry Wirz, the superintendent of the Andersonville Prison, was hanged, becoming the only American Civil War soldier executed for war crimes.
- 1871 - "Dr. Livingstone, I presume?" – Henry Morton Stanley located missing missionary and explorer, David Livingstone (pictured) in Ujiji, near Lake Tanganyika in present-day Tanzania.
- 1969 - Sesame Street debuted on the National Educational Television network in the United States.
- 1995 - Playwright and environmental activist Ken Saro-Wiwa and eight others from the Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People were executed by the Nigerian military government.
Recent days: November 9 – November 8 – November 7
November 11: Independence Day in Poland (1918) and Angola (1975); St. Martin's Day in the Netherlands; Remembrance Day in the Commonwealth, Armistice Day in Europe and Veterans Day in the United States.
- 1880 - Australian bank robber and bushranger Ned Kelly (pictured) was hanged in Melbourne.
- 1918 - Germany signs an armistice treaty with the Allies, ending World War I on the Western Front.
- 1965 - Ian Smith, Premier of the British Crown Colony of Southern Rhodesia, issued the Unilateral Declaration of Independence.
- 1975 - The Australian constitutional crisis of 1975 came to a head as Prime Minister Gough Whitlam was dismissed from office by Governor-General Sir John Kerr.
- 1978 - Maumoon Abdul Gayoom began his first term as President of the Maldives.
Recent days: November 10 – November 9 – November 8
November 12: Birth of Bahá'u'lláh, a holy day in the Bahá'í Faith.
- 1927 - Leon Trotsky (pictured) was expelled from the Communist Party, leaving Joseph Stalin in undisputed control of the Soviet Union.
- 1936 - In California, the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge opened to traffic.
- 1970 - The Oregon Highway Division attempted to destroy a rotting beached Sperm whale with explosives, leading to the exploding whale incident.
- 1991 - Indonesian forces opened fire on student demonstrators in the Díli Massacre.
- 2001 - Taliban forces abandoned Kabul, the capital of Afghanistan, ahead of advancing Northern Alliance troops.
Recent days: November 11 – November 10 – November 9
- 1002 - King Ethelred II ordered the massacre of all Danes in England.
- 1954 - Great Britain defeated France at the Parc des Princes in Paris to win the first Rugby League World Cup.
- 1970 - The Bhola tropical cyclone hit the densely populated Ganges Delta in East Pakistan (now Bangladesh), killing an estimated 500,000 people.
- 1982 - The Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Constitution Gardens in Washington, D.C. was dedicated.
- 1985 - The volcano Nevado del Ruiz (pictured) erupted, causing a volcanic mudslide that buried Armero, Colombia and killed approximately 23,000 people.
Recent days: November 12 – November 11 – November 10
November 14: Children's Day in India.
- 1228 - Frederick of Isenberg was executed for the murder of his cousin Engelbert of Berg, the Archbishop of Cologne.
- 1889 - Nellie Bly, reporter for the New York World, departed on her successful attempt to travel Around the World in Eighty Days.
- 1940 - World War II: Coventry Cathedral (ruins pictured) and much of the city centre of Coventry, England were destroyed by the German Luftwaffe during the Coventry Blitz.
- 1971 - Mariner 9 reached Mars, becoming the first spacecraft to orbit another planet.
- 1990 - Germany and Poland signed a treaty confirming their border at the Oder-Neisse line.
Recent days: November 13 – November 12 – November 11
November 15: Republic Day in Brazil (1889), Shichigosan in Japan.
- 655 - Penda of Mercia was defeated by Oswiu of Northumbria at the Battle of the Winwaed.
- 1889 - A military coup led by Deodoro da Fonseca (pictured) overthrew Emperor Pedro II and declared Brazil a republic.
- 1920 - The first general assembly of the League of Nations was held in Geneva, Switzerland.
- 1971 - Intel released the 4004, the world's first single-chip microprocessor.
- 1988 - The Palestinian National Council declared the independence of the State of Palestine.
Recent days: November 14 – November 13 – November 12
- 1384 - Though she was a woman, Jadwiga was crowned "King of Poland".
- 1532 - Sapa Inca Atahualpa (pictured) was captured by Francisco Pizarro in the Battle of Cajamarca.
- 1885 - Louis Riel, Canadian rebel leader of the Métis and "Father of Manitoba", was executed for high treason.
- 1979 - The first line of the Bucharest Metro was opened in Bucharest, Romania.
- 2002 - Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) was first recorded in Guangdong, China.
Recent days: November 15 – November 14 – November 13
November 17: International Students' Day
- 1558 - Elizabeth I (pictured) ascended the English Throne.
- 1720 - Pirate captain Calico Jack and his entire crew except Anne Bonny and Mary Read were hanged.
- 1869 - The Suez Canal, linking the Mediterranean Sea with the Red Sea, was inaugurated in an elaborate ceremony.
- 1950 - Tenzin Gyatso, the 14th Dalai Lama, was enthroned as Tibet's head of state at the age of fifteen.
- 1969 - The SALT I negotiations between the Soviet Union and the United States began in Helsinki.
- 1989 - A student demonstration in Prague was quelled by riot police, sparking the Velvet Revolution aimed at overthrowing the Czechoslovakian communist government.
Recent days: November 16 – November 15 – November 14
November 18: Independence Day in Latvia (1918), National Day in Oman (1940)
- 1307 - William Tell, a legendary marksman in Switzerland, is said to have successfully shot an apple on the head of his son with a single bolt from his crossbow.
- 1626 - St. Peter's Basilica (pictured) was consecrated on the anniversary of that of the previous church in 326.
- 1905 - Prince Carl of Denmark became Haakon VII, the first King of Norway after the personal union between Sweden and Norway was dissolved.
- 1987 - An underground fire kills 31 people at London's busiest underground station at King's Cross St Pancras.
- 1987 - The Jonestown mass suicice/murder headed by Reverend Jim Jones kills 900 of its members.
- 1991 - The Croatian city of Vukovar is captured by Republic of Serbian Krajina forces, ending an 87-day siege.
Recent days: November 17 – November 16 – November 15
November 19: Liberation Day in Mali
- 1493 - Christopher Columbus became the first European to land on Puerto Rico, an island he named San Juan Bautista.
- 1816 - The Royal University of Warsaw, now known as Warsaw University, was established.
- 1863 - U.S. President Abraham Lincoln delivered the Gettysburg Address.
- 1942 - World War II: Soviet forces under General Georgy Zhukov launched the Operation Uranus envelopment at the Battle of Stalingrad, turning the tide of the battle in the Soviet Union's favor.
- 1999 - Shenzhou 1, China's first unmanned test flight of the Shenzhou spacecraft (scale model pictured), was launched.
Recent days: November 18 – November 17 – November 16
November 20: Zumbi Day in Brazil, Revolution Day in Mexico, Teacher's Day in Vietnam.
- 284 - Diocletian became Roman Emperor.
- 1700 - Great Northern War: Forces led by King Charles XII of Sweden defeated the Russian army of Tsar Peter the Great in the Battle of Narva.
- 1910 - Mexican Revolution: Francisco I. Madero (pictured) promulgated the San Luis Plan, starting a revolt against President Porfirio Díaz.
- 1945 - The Nuremberg Trials against 24 leading Nazis involved in the Holocaust and various war crimes during World War II began in Nuremberg, Germany.
- 1998 - Zarya, the first module of the International Space Station, was launched on a Proton rocket from Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan.
Recent days: November 19 – November 18 – November 17
- 1272 - Edward I became King of England, succeeding his father Henry III who died five days earlier.
- 1783 - The first successful untethered flight by humans was made in a hot air balloon constructed by the Montgolfier brothers (pictured).
- 1920 - Anglo-Irish War: The Irish Republican Army killed more than a dozen British intelligence officers known as the Cairo Gang.
- 1920 - Anglo-Irish War: Paramilitary forces of the Royal Irish Constabulary opened fire on players and spectators at a Gaelic football match in Dublin on Bloody Sunday.
- 1977 - God Defend New Zealand became one of the national anthems of New Zealand.
Recent days: November 20 – November 19 – November 18
November 22: Independence Day in Lebanon (1943)
- 1718 - Blackbeard the pirate was killed in battle by a boarding party of British sailors off the coast of North Carolina, ending his reign of terror in the Caribbean.
- 1963 - United States President John F. Kennedy (pictured) was assassinated in Dallas, Texas.
- 1967 - The United Nations Security Council unanimously adopted Resolution 242 in the aftermath of the Six-Day War between Israel and its Arab neighbours Egypt, Jordan, and Syria.
- 1975 - Juan Carlos was declared King of Spain following the death of Francisco Franco.
- 2005 - Angela Merkel became the first female Chancellor of Germany.
Recent days: November 21 – November 20 – November 19
November 23: Thanksgiving in the United States (2006); Labour Thanksgiving Day in Japan, St George's Day in Georgia.
- 1644 - John Milton published Areopagitica, arguing for the right to free speech and against publication censorship during the English Civil War.
- 1869 - The Cutty Sark (pictured), one of the last sailing clippers ever to be built, was launched at Dumbarton in Scotland.
- 1971 - The People's Republic of China was given China's permanent seat on the United Nations Security Council.
- 1985 - Omar Rezaq and two others from the Abu Nidal terrorist group hijacked EgyptAir Flight 648 over the Mediterranean Sea.
- 2003 - Rose Revolution: Eduard Shevardnadze resigned as President of Georgia following weeks of mass protests over disputed election results.
Recent days: November 22 – November 21 – November 20
November 24: Teachers' Day in Turkey
- 1190 - Conrad of Montferrat became de jure King of Jerusalem after marrying Queen Isabella.
- 1642 - Dutch explorer Abel Tasman reached Tasmania. He named the island Anthoonij van Diemenslandt.
- 1859 - The Origin of Species by British naturalist Charles Darwin was first published, and sold out its initial print run on the first day.
- 1965 - Mobutu (pictured) seized power from Congo President Joseph Kasa-Vubu after a bloodless coup d'état.
- 1971 - After collecting a ransom payout of US$200,000, "D. B. Cooper" leaped out of the rear stairway of the airplane he had hijacked over the Pacific Northwest and disappeared.
Recent days: November 23 – November 22 – November 21
November 25: National Day in Bosnia and Herzegovina (1943), Independence Day in Suriname (1975)
- 1034 - Malcolm II of Scotland died. Duncan, the son of his second daughter, instead of Macbeth, the son of his eldest daughter, inherited the throne to become the King of Scots.
- 1120 - The vessel White Ship sank in the English Channel, drowning William Adelin, the only legitimate son of King Henry I of England.
- 1795 - Stanisław August Poniatowski (pictured), the last King of Poland, was forced to abdicate after the Partition of Poland by Austria, Prussia and Russia.
- 1960 - The Mirabal sisters, who opposed the dictatorship of military strongman Rafael Leonidas Trujillo in the Dominican Republic, were beaten and strangled to death.
- 1992 - Legislators in Czechoslovakia voted to dissolve their country into the Czech Republic and Slovakia, effective January 1, 1993.
Recent days: November 24 – November 23 – November 22
- 1778 - The expedition led by James Cook (pictured) reached Maui, the second largest of the Hawaiian Islands.
- 1842 - The University of Notre Dame in South Bend, Indiana, United States was founded by members of the Roman Catholic Congregation of Holy Cross.
- 1922 - Howard Carter and Lord Carnarvon became the first people to enter the tomb of Pharaoh Tutankhamun in over 3000 years.
- 1942 - World War II: Josip Tito and the Yugoslav Partisans convened the first meeting of the Anti-Fascist Council of National Liberation of Yugoslavia at Bihać in northwestern Bosnia.
- 1950 - Battle of Chosin Reservoir: Chinese forces in North Korea launched a massive counterattack against South Korean and United States armed forces, ending any thought of a quick end to the Korean War.
Recent days: November 25 – November 24 – November 23
- 1095 - At the Council of Clermont, Pope Urban II called for the First Crusade.
- 1868 - Indian Wars: The U.S. 7th Cavalry Regiment led by George Armstrong Custer defeated Chief Black Kettle and the Cheyenne Indians in the Battle of Washita River.
- 1895 - Alfred Nobel signed his last will and testament, setting aside the bulk of his estate to establish the Nobel Prize after his death.
- 1926 - Restoration of Colonial Williamsburg in the Historic Triangle on the Virginia Peninsula, United States began.
- 2001 - The Hubble Space Telescope detected sodium in the atmosphere of the extrasolar planet HD 209458b (artist's impression pictured), the first planetary atmosphere outside our solar system to be measured.
Recent days: November 26 – November 25 – November 24
November 28: Independence Day in Albania (1912) and Mauritania (1960)
- 1660 - At London's Gresham College, Robert Boyle (pictured), John Wilkins, Christopher Wren and other leading scientists founded a learned society now known as the Royal Society.
- 1905 - Irish nationalist Arthur Griffith first presented his Sinn Féin Policy, declaring that the 1800 Act of Union of Great Britain and Ireland was illegal.
- 1925 - The country music radio program Grand Ole Opry was first broadcast on WSM radio in Nashville, USA.
- 1979 - Air New Zealand Flight 901 crashed into Antarctica's Mount Erebus, killing all 257 people on board.
Recent days: November 27 – November 26 – November 25
November 29: Liberation Day in Albania
- 1777 - San José de Guadalupe, the first town in the Spanish colony of California, was founded.
- 1854 - The Eureka Flag was flown for the first time during the Eureka Stockade rebellion in Australia.
- 1877 - Thomas Edison demonstrated the phonograph (pictured), his invention for recording and replaying sound, for the first time.
- 1890 - The Diet of Japan, modelled after the German Reichstag, first met, when the Meiji Constitution went into effect in Japan.
- 1947 - The United Nations General Assembly voted to approve the Partition Plan for Palestine, a plan to resolve the Arab-Israeli conflict in the British Mandate of Palestine.
Recent days: November 28 – November 27 – November 26
November 30: Independence Day in Barbados (1966), Saint Andrew's Day in Scotland, Bonifacio Day in the Philippines.
- 1853 - Russian battleships led by Pavel Nakhimov destroyed an Ottoman fleet at the Battle of Sinop, precipitating the Crimean War.
- 1936 - The Crystal Palace (pictured), built for the Great Exhibition of 1851 in London, England, was destroyed by fire.
- 1939 - The Winter War broke out as the Soviet Red Army invaded Finland and quickly advanced to the Mannerheim Line.
- 1962 - Burmese diplomat U Thant became the Secretary-General of the United Nations, after serving as Acting Secretary-General following the death of Dag Hammarskjöld in September of that year.
- 2005 - John Sentamu was enthroned as Archbishop of York, becoming the first member of an ethnic minority to serve as an archbishop in the Church of England.
Recent days: November 29 – November 28 – November 27
Wikipedia:Årets dage kort/Novembe
