Second Lady of the United States
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The Second Lady of the United States is an unofficial title for the wife of the Vice President of the United States styled relatively to the formal title of the First Lady who is wife to the President and principal hostess of the White House. The title is traditionally only used during an active vice presidential term. The current Second Lady is Lynne Cheney.
There is a White House office specifically devoted to supporting the "Second Lady": it is officially known very simply as the "Office of the Wife of the Vice President."
The visibility of the wife of the Vice President has been a recent development as late 20th century and early 21st century vice presidential wives increasingly took on public policy roles that attracted a great deal of media attention. Tipper Gore, wife of former Vice President Al Gore of Tennessee, is often considered the first of modern Second Ladies. During her husband's service as a Senator, she was active in several campaigns to remove indecent material from popular American entertainment like movies, television shows and music. Gore attacked performers for use of obscene lyrics and often debated with her critics, such as Jello Biafra.
Lynne Cheney, wife of Vice President Dick Cheney of Wyoming, champions education reform citing specific failures of the American public education system. She is particularly outspoken supporter of American history education at a time when schools increasingly drop history courses in favor of science.
[edit] Partial list of Second Ladies
- Abigail Adams, wife of John Adams (1789-1797)
- Vacant: Thomas Jefferson (1797-1801) was a widower
- Vacant: Aaron Burr (1801-1805) was a widower
- Vacant: George Clinton (1805-1813) was a widower
- Ann Thompson Gerry, wife of Elbridge Gerry (1813-1814)
- Hannah Minthorne Tompkins, wife of Daniel D. Tompkins (1817-1825)
- Floride Calhoun, wife of John C. Calhoun (1825-1832)
- Vacant: Martin Van Buren (1833-1837) was a widower (his daughter-in-law would serve as First Lady)
- Vacant: Richard Mentor Johnson (1837-1841) was unmarried
- Letitia Tyler, wife of John Tyler (1841-1841)
- Sophia Nicklin Dallas, wife of George M. Dallas (1845-1849)
- Abigail Fillmore, wife of Millard Fillmore
- Vacant: William R. King (1853) was unmarried
- Mary Cyrene Burch Breckindridge, wife of John C. Breckinridge
- Ellen Vesta Emery Hamlin, wife of Hannibal Hamlin
- Eliza McCardle Johnson, wife of Andrew Johnson
- Ellen Maria Wade Colfax, wife of Schuyler Colfax
- Harriet Malvina Howe Wilson, wife of Henry Wilson
- Mary King Wheeler, wife of William A. Wheeler
- Vacant: Chester A. Arthur (1881) was a widower
- Eliza Margan Hendricks, wife of Thomas A. Hendricks
- Anna Livingston Reade Street Morton, wife of Levi P. Morton
- Letitia Green Stevenson, wife of Adlai E. Stevenson
- Jennie Hobart, wife of Garret Hobart
- Edith Roosevelt, wife of Theodore Roosevelt
- Cornelia Cole Fairbanks, wife of Charles W. Fairbanks
- Carrie Babcock Sherman, wife of James S. Sherman
- Lois Irene Kimsey Marshall, wife of Thomas R. Marshall
- Grace Coolidge, wife of Calvin Coolidge
- Caro Blymyer Dawes, wife of Charles G. Dawes
- Vacant: Charles Curtis (1929-1933) was a widower
- Mariette Rheiner Garner, wife of John Nance Garner
- Ilo Browne Wallace, wife of Henry A. Wallace
- Bess Truman, wife of Harry S. Truman
- Jane Hadley Barkley, wife of Alben Barkley
- Pat Nixon, wife of Richard Nixon
- Lady Bird Johnson, wife of Lyndon Johnson
- Muriel Humphrey, wife of Hubert Humphrey
- Judy Agnew, wife of Spiro Agnew
- Betty Ford, wife of Gerald Ford
- Margaretta Fitler Murphy Rockefeller, wife of Nelson Rockefeller
- Joan Mondale, wife of Walter Mondale
- Barbara Bush, wife of George H.W. Bush
- Marilyn Quayle, wife of Dan Quayle
- Tipper Gore, wife of Al Gore
- Lynne Cheney, wife of Dick Cheney
[edit] External links
- Lynne Cheney. Retrieved on October 7, 2005. - The Official White House site for the Second Lady
- Wives of Vice Presidents. Vice Presidents.com. Retrieved on October 7, 2005. - List of the wives of Vice Presidents
- Ask Yahoo! - What is the formal title for the wife of the vice president?.