SEAgel
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SEAgel (Safe Emulsion Agar gel) is a high-tech foam whose purpose is to serve as a type of insulator. It is among the least dense solids known; in fact, SEAgel has a density that is approximately equal to that of air. It is a type of aerogel and is one of the lightest solids known. SEAgel was invented by Robert Morrison at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in 1992. SEAgel is made of agar, a carbohydrate material that comes from kelp and red algae, and contains only forty to fifty milligrams of material per cubic centimeter of solid (In other words, it has a density of 40-50 mg/cm3.). SEAgel is also completely biodegradable, as it is made entirely of biological material.
Initially, SEAgel starts out as a gelatin-like mixture of agar and water. After it is freeze-dried to remove the water, it is left as a honeycomb of dried agar filled with air, with cell sizes two to three micrometers (2-3 µm) in diameter.
SEAgel can have many different uses. Laboratory scientists use SEAgel as targets for x-ray laser experiments because it can be doped, or used to control the properties of semiconductors, with other materials, such as selenium. In order to eliminate the volatile hydrodynamics that occur when a solid-density target explodes before it reaches the density required for lasing, scientists are trying to develop an x-ray laser target with a density that is less than the critical density of laser light (4×1021 electrons/cm3 for 0.53-µm light). SEAgel can help them achieve a more uniform plasma, which will ultimately improve the quality of the x-ray laser beam.
SEAgel could also be used as food packaging or the encapsulating material of timed-release medical pills, as it is safe to digest. SEAgel could also replace balsa wood to insulate supertankers and to provide sound damping in high-speed trains.
SEAgel is covered under US Patents as "Biofoam" and "Biofoam II", numbers 5,382,285 and 5,360,828 respectively.
