Schweizer's reagent
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Schweizer's reagent (tetraamminecopper dihydroxide, [Cu(NH3)4](OH)2) is prepared by precipitating copper(II) hydroxide from an aqueous solution of copper sulfate using sodium hydroxide, then dissolving the precipitate in a solution of ammonium hydroxide. It forms a deep azure solution. If the solution is evaporated, it leaves blue, needle-like crystals.
Schweizer's reagent is an example of a complex ion; in this case Cu(II) joins with four NH3 molucules to form the complex ion, Cu(NH3)4++.
Schweizer's reagent finds use in production of cellulose products such as rayon and cellophane, because wood-pulp, cotton fiber, and other natural cellulose sources are soluble in the solution. Dissolved cellulose precipitates when the solution is acidified.
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