Sawda bint Zama
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| The Wives of Muhammad |
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Sawda bint Zama* Umm Salama Hind bint Abi Umayya *succession disputed **disputed |
Sawda bint Zama ibn Qayyis ibn Abd Shams (Arabic: سودة بنت زمعة) was a wife of Muhammad, the final prophet in Islam and therefore a Mother of the Believers and one of the early converts to Islam.
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[edit] Biography
She was of the Quraish tribe on her father's side. According to the traditions, she migrated to Abyssinia with her first husband, after being persecuted by the Polytheists of Mecca. Her husband died when the couple returned to Mecca.[1]
Muhammad married Sawda one month after the death of his first wife Khadija upon suggestion of one of his companions. Muslim scholars disagree whether Muhammad married first Sawda or Aisha. Regardless, Muhammad did not consummate his marriage with Aisha for several years because she was too young, and lived with Sawda during that time.[1]
At some point, Sawda succeeded in persuading Muhammad not to divorce her. Muhammad favored young Aisha over old Sawda, but the latter stopped him in the street and implored him to take her back. As an argument, she offered to give her turn of Muhammad's visit to Aisha. The incident resulted in the revelation of verse 4:127 of the Qur'an.[1]
After Muhammad's death, Sawda received a gift of money, which she spent on charity. Muawiyah I, the first caliph of the Umayyad dynasty bought her house in Medina for 180,000 dirhams. She died in Medina in October 674.[1]
The name of her previous husband was Sakran, and she had a son from him named Sakran ibn Amr ibn Abd Shams[2] who fell a martyr fighting in the battle of Jalula [3]
[edit] Views
Sunni attribute a event involving her and Umar regarding "the verse of hijab", Sahih Bukhari Vol 1 Book 4 Hadith 148
Five traditions are said to have been narrated by her. Out of these one finds place in Sahih Bukhari [3].
[edit] Sunni view
Sunni describe her thus:
| was generous, hospitable, kind and affectionate. Hazrat Umar (Radhiyallahu-Anhu) once sent her a purse full of Dirhams, she at once distributed those coins. She was distinguished in self-sacrifice. She was ready to fore go her rights and privileges for the sake of others. She was also jovial by nature. She used to please the Prophet (Sallallahu-Alayhi-Wasallam) and her friends through healthy jokes and jest. [3] |
[edit] References
- ^ a b c d Vacca, V. "Sawda bint Zama ibn Qayyis ibn Abd Shams". Encyclopaedia of Islam Online. Ed. P.J. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs. Brill Academic Publishers. ISSN 1573-3912.
- ^ [1][2][3]
- ^ a b c http://www.inter-islam.org/Biographies/sawdah.htm
