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Sackalia (Sackalian: Sakala) was an ancient Estonian independent eldership. It corresponded roughly to the present territory of Viljandi County, a half of Pärnu County, and a half of Valga County. In Sackalian folklore, Ugaunians (ugalased) are enemy warriors and robbers. For example, a folk song from Viljandi (the capital of Sackalia) calls for speeding up the harvest work because Ugaunians might attack. Kievan rule of Ugaunia may have lasted until 1061, when, according to Old East Slavic chronicles, Tharbata/Yuryev was burned down by Sosols (probably Sackalians or the people of Soopoolitse).
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