Rumsen
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The Rumsen (also known as the Rumsien, San Carlos or Carmel) are one of eight divisions of the Ohlone (Coastanoan) Native American people of Northern California. The Rumsen people resided from the Pajaro River to Point Sur, and the lower courses of the Pajaro, as well as on the Salinas and Carmel Rivers, and present-day Cities of Monterey and Carmel.
Rumsen is also the name of their spoken language, listed as one of the Coastanoan dialects in the Utian family, becoming the main language spoken at the Mission San Carlos Borroméo de Carmelo founded in 1770.
Their Monterey Bay territory was bordered by the Pacific Ocean to the west, the Awaswas to the north, the Mutsun to the east, the Charon in the south east, and the Esselen to the south. The people of the Esselen Nation claim close association with the Rumsen Ohlone.
During the era of Spanish missions in California, the Rumsen people's lives changed with the incoming Spaniards building the Mission San Carlos Borroméo de Carmelo and the Monterey Presidio in their territory. Most moved into this mission and were baptized, lived and educated to be Catholic neophytes, also known as Mission Indians, until the missions were discontinued by the Mexican Government in 1834.
The last fluent speaker of Rumsen was Isabel Meadows who died in 1939.
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[edit] Rumsen tribes and villages
The Rumsen main village site was mapped on the Carmel River, several miles inland from the Mission in Carmel. [1] See also:
[edit] External Links
- Costanoan Rumsen Chino Tribe website.
- Ohlone/Costanoan Esselen Nation website.
[edit] References
- Kroeber, Alfred L. 1925. Handbook of the Indians of California. Washington, D.C: Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin No. 78. (map of villages, page 465)
- Milliken, Randall. A Time of Little Choice: The Disintegration of Tribal Culture in the San Francisco Bay Area 1769-1910 Menlo Park, CA: Ballena Press Publication, 1995. ISBN 0-87919-132-5 (alk. paper)
- Teixeira, Lauren. The Costanoan/Ohlone Indians of the San Francisco and Monterey Bay Area, A Research Guide. Menlo Park, CA: Ballena Press Publication, 1997. ISBN 0-87919-141-4.
[edit] Notes
- ^ Kroeber, 1925, Map p. 465
| Ohlone / Costanoan Indigenous People of California |
|---|
| Sub-Groups: |
| Karkin • Chocheño • Ramaytush • Tamyen • Awaswas • Mutsun • Rumsen • Chalon • List of Tribes & Villages |
| Culture: |
| Mythology • Traditional Narratives • Utian languages • Hunting & Gathering • Native American |
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