Rulers of Tuscany
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The rulers of Tuscany have varied over time, sometimes being margraves, the rulers of handfuls of border counties and sometimes the heads of the most important family of the region.
[edit] Margraves of Tuscany, 812-1197
Bonifacii
- These were originally counts of Lucca who extended their power over the neighbouring counties.
- 812-813 Boniface (also I)
- 828-834 Boniface I (also II)
- 835-845 Aganus (not of the dynasty)
- 847-886 Adalbert I
- 886-915 Adalbert II the Rich
- 915-929 Guy
- 929-931 Lambert
House of Arles
- These were the (mostly illegitimate) relatives of Hugh of Arles, King of Italy, whom he appointed to their post after removing the original dynasty.
Various
House of Canossa
- These were the descendants of the counts of Canossa.
- 1027-1052 Boniface III (also IV)
- 1052-1055 Frederick
- 1052-1076 Beatrice as wife of Boniface III and regent for Frederick and Matilda
- 1076-1115 Matilda
Various
- 1120-1127 Conrad von Scheiern
- 1135-1139 Henry
- 1139-1152 Ulrich von Attems
- 1152-1167 Welf VI (continued to rule until 1173)
- 1160-1163 Reginald di Colonna in opposition
- 1163-1173 Christian von Buch as imperial vicar
- 1195-1197 Philip
[edit] Unofficial Medici Rulers of Florence, 1434-1531
- Cosimo de' Medici 1434-1464
- Piero I de' Medici 1464-1469 ("The Gouty")
- Lorenzo I de' Medici 1469-1492 ("The Magnificent")
- Giuliano de' Medici 1469-1478
- Piero II de' Medici 1492-1494
- Republic restored 1494-1512
- Cardinal Giovanni de' Medici 1512-1513
- Lorenzo II de' Medici 1513-1519
- Cardinal Giulio de' Medici 1519-1523
- Ippolito de' Medici 1523-1527
- Alessandro de' Medici 1523-1527
- Republic restored 1527-1530
- Alessandro de' Medici 1530-1531
[edit] Medici Dukes of Florence, 1531-1569
- Alessandro de' Medici 1531-1537
- Cosimo I de' Medici 1537-1569
[edit] Medici Grand Dukes of Tuscany, 1569-1737
- Cosimo I de' Medici 1569-1574
- Francesco I de' Medici 1574-1587
- Ferdinando I de' Medici 1587-1609
- Cosimo II de' Medici 1609-1621
- Ferdinando II de' Medici 1621-1670
- Cosimo III de' Medici 1670-1723
- Gian Gastone de' Medici 1723-1737
[edit] Habsburg-Lorraine Grand Dukes of Tuscany, 1737-1801
- Francis Stephen 1737-1765
- Leopold I, Grand Duke of Tuscany 1765-1790
- Ferdinand III 1790-1801
[edit] Bourbon-Parma Kings of Etruria, 1801-1807
- Louis 1801-1803
- Charles Louis 1803-1807
Tuscany was annexed by France, 1807-1814
[edit] Bonaparte Grand Duchess of Tuscany, 1809-1814
This was a personal title of nobility, only, and did not imply direct rule over Tuscany, which had been divided into French departments.
- Elisa Bonaparte (March 3, 1809 - February 1, 1814).
[edit] Habsburg-Lorraine Grand Dukes of Tuscany, 1814-1860
- Ferdinand III (restored) 1814-1824
- Leopold II 1824-1848
- provisional republic 1848-1849
- Leopold II (restored) 1849-1859
- Ferdinand IV 1859-1860 (in exile for his entire notional reign)
Tuscany annexed by Piedmont-Sardinia, 1860
[edit] Habsburg-Lorraine, post monarchy 1860-Present
- Ferdinand IV 1860-1908
- Archduke Peter Ferdinand, Prince of Tuscany 1908-1948
- Archduke Gottfried, Prince of Tuscany 1948-1984
- Archduke Leopold Franz, Prince of Tuscany 1948-1993
- Archduke Sigismund, Grand Duke of Tuscany 1993-Present
