Rotuma
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| Rotuma Group
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| Islands of Fiji
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Rotuma is a Fijian Dependency, consisting of the island of Rotuma and the nearby islets of Hatana, Hafleua, Solkope, Solnohu and Uea. These volcanic islands are located at , approximately 465 kilometers north of Fiji. Rotuma Island itself is 13 kilometers long and 4 kilometers wide, with a land area of approximately 43 square kilometers. Its population at the 1996 census was 2810.
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[edit] History
- See main article: History of Rotuma
The first known European sighting of Rotuma was in 1791, when Captain Edward Edwards and the crew of the HMS Pandora landed in search of sailors who had disappeared following the Mutiny on the Bounty.
A favorite of whaling ships in need of reprovisioning, in the mid-nineteenth century Rotuma became a haven for runaway sailors, some of whom were escaped convicts. Some of these deserters married local women and contributed their genes to an already heterogeneous pool; others met violent ends, reportedly at one anothers' hands.
Wesleyan missionaries from Tonga arrived on Rotuma in 1842, followed by Marist Catholics in 1847. Conflicts between the two groups, fueled by previous political rivalries among the chiefs of Rotuma's seven districts, resulted in hostilities that led the local chiefs in 1879 to ask Britain to annex the island group. On May 13, 1881, an anniversary now celebrated as Rotuma Day, a public holiday, Rotuma was officially ceded to the United Kingdom, seven years after Fiji became a colony. The colonial legacy can still be seen today in the variety of old churches that dot the landscape.
[edit] Demographics
- See main article: Demographics of Rotuma
Although the island has been politically part of Fiji since 1881, Rotuman culture more closely resembles that of the Polynesian islands to the east, most noticeably Tonga, Samoa, Futuna, and Uvea. Because of their Polynesian appearance and distinctive language, Rotumans now constitute a recognizable minority group within the Republic of Fiji. The great majority of Rotumans (10,000) now live elsewhere in Fiji, with a little under 3000 remaining on Rotuma. Rotumans are culturally conservative and maintain their customs in the face of changes brought about by increased contact with the outside world. As recently as 1985, some 85 percent of Rotumans voted against opening the island up to tourism.
Well-known Rotumans include Major Jioji Konousi Konrote, a Cabinet Minister and former High Commissioner to Australia, Ombudsman Walter Rigamoto, former Information Minister Marieta Rigamoto, Chief Justice Daniel Fatiaki and sportsmen brothers Seán Óg and Setanta Ó hAilpín.
[edit] Politics
- See main articles: Politics of Rotuma, Local government of Fiji
Administratively, Rotuma is fully incorporated into Fiji, but with local government so tailored as to give the island a measure of autonomy greater than that enjoyed by other political subdivisions of Fiji. Rotuma has the status of a Dependency, with an elected Council of Rotuma whose powers and responsibilities are comparable to those of Divisions and Provinces elsewhere in Fiji. The island's capital is Motusa.
At the national level, Fijian citizens of Rotuman descent elect one representative to the Fijian House of Representatives, and the Council of Rotuma nominates one representative to the Fijian Senate. Rotuma is also represented in the influential Great Council of Chiefs by three representatives chosen by the Council of Rotuma. For electoral purposes, Rotumans were formerly classified as Fijians, but when the Constitution was revised in 1997-1998, they were granted separate representation at their own request. (The majority of seats in Fiji's House of Representatives are allocated on a communal basis to Fiji's various ethnic groups) In addition, Rotuma forms part (along with Taveuni and the Lau Islands) of the Lau Taveuni Rotuma Open Constituency, one of 25 constituencies whose representatives are chosen by universal suffrage.
Following two military coups in Fiji in 1987, a secessionist movement flickered into life on Rotuma. It has always appeared to represent a minority of the Rotuman population, however.
[edit] External links
- WikiMapia has one or more wiki satellite maps of Rotuma.
- Rotuma website - an exhaustive website on all things Rotuman by anthropologists Alan Howard and Jan Rensel
- The Land Has Eyes - an award-winning film set in Rotuma made by Rotumans.
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