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Henri Lefebvre, (16 June 1901-1991 was a French Marxist sociologist, intellectual and philosopher.

Contents

[edit] Biography

Lefebvre was born in Hagetmau, Landes, France. He studied philosophy at the University of Paris (the Sorbonne), graduating in 1920. Much of Lefebvre's earliest work was based on the philosophy of Hegel and the concept of the dialectic. [1] Alongside his colleague Norman Guterman, he initially associated with the surrealists, but became more and more influenced by Karl Marx. In the 1920s he and Guterman were two of the major contibutors to 'Philosophies', a leftist journal created in Paris. Lefebvre joined the French Communist Party (PCF) in 1928 and left academia following a split with the surrealists. [2] At around the age of thirty, Lefebvre began to call himself a Marxist, [3] following on from his work on Hegel and having been introduced to the newly translated 1844 Manuscripts of Marx by his collegaue Norbert Guterman. [2] Lefebvre's major pre-World War Two book was "Dialectical Materialism", published in 1939. It went against orthodox Marxism at the time and contradicted much of Joseph Stalin's "Dilaectical and historical materialism", which was published within a few weeks of Lefebvre's book. As a result, it was ignored by many within the PCF. [4] The book was banned during the war and a big seller afterwards.

For a brief time, Lefebvre worked as a taxi driver in Paris, before finding a teaching job in Privas and later Montargis, to the south of Paris. Lefebvre began at this stage to develop his own version of Marxism, writing in numerous journals and publishing his first books alongside Guterman. [2] In 1940, he joined the French resistance, and was removed from his teaching job due to his membership of the PCF.

From 1944 to 1949, he was the director of Radiodiffusion Française, a French radio broadcaster in Toulouse. In 1958, he was expelled from PCF.

In 1962, Lefebvre became professor of sociology at the University of Strasbourg.

Lefebvre died in 1991. In his obituary, Radical Philosophy magazine wrote:

the most prolific of French Marxist intellectuals, died during the night of 28-29 June 1991, less than a fortnight after his ninetieth birthday. During his long career, his work has gone in and out of fashion several times, and has influenced the development not only of philosophy but also of sociology, geography, political science and literary criticism. [1]

[edit] Impact

[edit] Major Works

[edit] Criticism of Everyday Life

His criticism of everyday life was among the major intellectual motives behind the founding of COBRA and, eventually, of the Situationist International. He wrote in French, English, and German.

[edit] Production of Space=

[edit] Rhythm Analysis

[edit] References

Where the author is Henri Lefebvre, this has been abbreviated to 'HL'

  1. ^ HL; 1924; 'Une tentavie métaphysique:"La dialectique du monde sensible" de Louis Lavelle'; pp241-248 in Philosophies, 3
  2. ^ a b c Elden, Stuart; 2004; Understanding Henri Lefebvre; Continuum, London
  3. ^ HL; 1950; 'Connaisance et critique socail'; pp298-319 in Farber, Marvin (ed.); L'activité philosophique contemporaine en France et aux Etats-Unis - Tome Second:La philosophie françasie; PUF, Paris
  4. ^ Henri Lefebvre Sociology Professor, Accessed November 2006


[edit] Partial Bibliography

  • 1925 Positions d'attaque et de défense du nouveau mysticisme, Philosophies 5-6 (March). pp. 471-506. (Philosophy. Pt. 2 of the 'Philosophy of Consciousness' project on being, consciousness and identity originally proposed as a thesis topic to Leon Brunschvicg)
  • 1934 with Norbert Guterman, Morceaux choisis de Karl Marx, Paris: NRF. (numerous reprintings).
  • 1936 with Norbert Guterman, La Conscience mystifiée, Paris: Gallimard (new ed. Paris: Le Sycomore, 1979).
  • 1937 Le nationalisme contre les nations, (Preface by Paul Nizan) Paris: Editions sociales internationales. (Reprinted, Paris: Méridiens-Klincksliek 1988, Collection Analyse institutionnelle, Présentation M. Trebitsch, Postface Henri Lefebvre).
  • 1938 Hitler au pouvoir, bilan de cinq années de fascisme en Allemagne, Paris: Bureau d'Editions.
  • 1938 with Norbert Guterman, Morceaux choisis de Hegel, Paris: Gallimard (3 reprintings 1938-*1939, reprinted Collection Idées, 2 Vols. 1969).
  • 1938 with Norbert Guterman, Cahiers de Lénine sur la dialectique de Hegel , Paris: Gallimard.
  • 1939a Nietzsche, Paris: Editions sociales internationales.
  • 1946 L'Existentialisme, Paris: Editions du Sagittaire.
  • 1947 Logique formelle, logique dialectique Vol. 1 of A la lumière du matérialisme dialectique Written in 1940-41 (2nd volume censored). Paris: Editions sociales
  • 1947 Descartes, Paris: Editions Hier et Aujourd'hui.
  • 1950b Knowledge and Social Criticism, Philosophic Thought in France and the USA Albany N.Y.: N.Y.; State University of New York Press. pp. 281-300. (2nd ed. 1968).
  • 1958a Problèmes actuels du marxisme, Paris: Presses universitaires de France; 4th edition, 1970, Collection 'Initiation philosophique'
  • 1958b (with Lucien Goldmann, Claude Roy, Tristan Tzara) Le romantisme révolutionnaire, Paris: La Nef.
  • 1961 Critique de la vie quotidienne II, Fondements d'une sociologie de la quotidienneté, Paris: L'Arche
  • 1963 La vallée de Campan - Etude de sociologie rurale, Paris: Presses Universitaires de France
  • 1965a Métaphilosophie, foreword by Jean Wahl, Paris: Editions de Minuit, Collection 'Arguments'
  • 1965b La Proclamation de la Commune, Paris: Gallimard, Collection Trente Journées qui ont fait la France
  • 1968a Le Droit à la ville, Paris: Anthropos (2nd ed.) Paris: Ed. du Seuil, Collection Points
  • 1968b La vie quotidienne dans le monde moderne, Paris: Gallimard, Collection Idées
  • 1968c Dialectical Materialism, J. Sturrock trans., London: Cape. ISBN 0-224-61507-6
  • 1968d Sociology of Marx, N. Guterman trans. of 1966c, New York: Pantheon.
  • 1969 The Explosion: From Nanterre to the Summit, Paris: Monthly Review Press. Originally published 1968.
  • 1970 La révolution urbaine Paris: Gallimard, Collection Idées
  • 1971a Le manifeste différentialiste, Paris: Gallimard, Collection Idées
  • 1971b Au-delà du structuralisme, Paris: Anthropos.
  • 1974 with Leszek Kolakowski Evolution or Revolution, F. Elders ed. Reflexive Water: The Basic Concerns of Mankind, London: Souvenir. pp. 199-267. ISBN 0-285-64742-3
  • 1975a Hegel, Marx, Nietzsche, ou le royaume des ombres, Paris: Tournai, Casterman. Collection Synthèses contemporaines. ISBN 2-203-23109-2
  • 1975b Le temps des méprises: Entretiens avec Claude Glayman, Paris: Stock. ISBN 2-234-00174-9
  • 1978a with Catherine Régulier La révolution n'est plus ce qu'elle était, Paris: Editions Libres-Hallier (German trans. Munich, 1979). ISBN 2-264-00849-0
  • 1978b Les contradictions de l'Etat moderne, La dialectique de l'Etat, Vol. 4 of 4 De 1'Etat, Paris: UGE, Collection '10/18'.
  • 1980 La présence et l'absence, Paris: Casterman. ISBN 2-203-23172-6
  • 1981a Critique de la vie quotidienne, III. De la modernité au modernisme (Pour une métaphilosophie du quotidien) Paris: L'Arche
  • 1981b De la modernité au modernisme: pour une métaphilosophie du quotidien, Paris: L'Arche Collection 'Le sens de la marché'.
  • 1985 with Catherine Régulier-Lefebvre, Le projet rythmanalytique Communications 41. pp. 191-199.
  • 1988 Toward a Leftist Cultural Politics: Remarks Occasioned by the Centenary of Marx's Death, D. Reifman trans., L.Grossberg and C.Nelson eds. Marxism and the Interpretation of Culture, Urbana: University of Illinois Press.; New York: Macmillan. pp. 75-88. ISBN 0-252-01108-2
  • 1991a The Critique of Everyday Life, Volume 1, John Moore trans., London: Verso. Originally published 1947. ISBN 0-86091-340-6
  • 1991b with Patricia Latour and Francis Combes, Conversation avec Henri Lefebvre P. Latour and F. Combes eds., Paris: Messidor, Collection 'Libres propos'. ISBN 2-209-06518-6
  • 1991c The Production of Space, N. Donaldson-Smith trans., Oxford: Basil Blackwell. Originally published 1974. ISBN 0-631-14048-4
  • 1992 with Catherine Regulier-Lefebvre Eléments de rythmanalyse: Introduction à la connaissance des rythmes, preface by René Lorau, Paris: Ed. Syllepse, Collection Explorations et découvertes. ISBN 2-907993-11-9
  • 1995 Introduction to Modernity: Twelve Preludes September 1959-May 1961, J. Moore, trans., London: Verso. Originally published 1962. ISBN 1-85984-961-X
  • 1996 Writings on Cities, E. Kofman and E. Lebas trans. and eds., Oxford: Basil Blackwell. ISBN 0-631-19187-9

[edit] External links

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