Riggenbach rack system

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The Riggenbach rack system is a rack and pinion design, devised by Niklaus Riggenbach, an Alsace born Swiss locomotive engineer. It is the first rack system, invented in 1863 and first applied on the Vitznau-Rigi-Bahn in 1871 when it became the first rack railway. The system uses a ladder rack, formed of steel plates connected by round or square rods at regular intervals. The Riggenbach system suffers from the problem that its fixed rack is much more complex and expensive to build than other systems. This system is sometimes known as the Marsh rack system, because of simultaneous invention by an American inventor, Sylvester Marsh, builder of the Mount Washington Cog Railway.

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