Rescue robot

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A rescue robot is a robot that has been designed for the purpose of aiding rescue workers. ^[1] Common situations that employ rescue robots are mining accidents, urban disasters, hostage situations, and explosions. One notable use of rescue robots was in the search for victims and survivors in the remnants of the World Trade Centre . ^[2] The benefits of rescue robots to these operations include reduced personnel requirements, reduced fatigue, and access to otherwise unreachable areas.

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[edit] Robocup Real Rescue Robot League

The Robocup Rescue Real Robot League competition is an international evaluation symposium for the Rescue Robotics which studies future standards for robotic infrastructure built to support human welfare. At each match a team of multiple (autonomous or tele-operated) robots moves inside the test arena, which divided into thee regions of increasing difficulty levels, searching for victims and building a map of the surrounding environment and victims locations that is transmitted to the operator station. Currently the NIST USAR arena has been used in several Robocup Rescue and AAAI competitions.

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A Rescue Robot should have the following capabilities:

Mobility

The robot should have such “Mobility” that be able to explore easily in unstructured environment of a collapsed building. In addition it should have the capability of stair climbing.

Obstacle Avoidance

Robot should avoid of collision for avoiding dangerous locking situations, as well as preventing to make more damage in environment because the obstacles may be static or dynamic and have different characteristics.

Victim Detection

This is a very difficult task especially in unstructured environment of a collapsed building where the only signs of victims are their voice, body heat, wearing texture, breathing out gases and body scent.

Localization and Path Planning

To determine victim position for human rescuers, robot has to be able to determine its position. Also it should be able find its path in ruins to search for victims and go out of structure after end of its mission.

[edit] References

^ Robots to the Rescue St. Petersburg Times Online - Florida
^ [http://www.aaai.org/Pressroom/Releases/release-02-0910.php In the Aftermath of September 11 What Roboticists Learned from the Search and Rescue Efforts] A AAAI press release.