Reoviridae
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Reoviridae | ||||
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Orthoreovirus |
The Reoviridae (Respiratory Enteritic Orphan virus) are a family of viruses that includes some viruses that affect the gastrointestinal system (such as Rotavirus), and some that cause respiratory infections. The genetic material of viruses in this family is double-stranded RNA. The name Reoviridae is derived from respiratory enteric orphan viruses. The term "orphan virus" means a virus that is not associated with any known disease. Even though Reoviridae have been identified with various diseases, the original name is still used.
Reovirus infection occurs often in humans, but most cases are mild or subclinical. The virus can be readily detected in faeces, and many also be recovered from pharyngeal or nasal secretions, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, and blood. Despite the ease of finding Reovirus in clinical specimens, their role in human disease or treatment is still uncertain.
Reoviruses have an inner and outer layer to their capsids--a double capsid.
The following genera are included here:
- Genus Orthoreovirus; type species: Mammalian orthoreovirus
- Genus Orbivirus; type species: Bluetongue virus
- Genus Rotavirus; type species: Rotavirus A (causes diarrhea)
- Genus Coltivirus; type species: Colorado tick fever virus
- Genus Aquareovirus; type species: Aquareovirus A
- Genus Cypovirus; type species: Cypovirus 1
- Genus Fijivirus; type species: Fiji disease virus
- Genus Phytoreovirus; type species: Rice dwarf virus
- Genus Oryzavirus; type species: Rice ragged stunt virus
- Genus Idnoreovirus; type species: Idnoreovirus 1
- Genus Mycoreovirus; type species: Mycoreovirus 1
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Work is also being done using the reovirus in approaches for combative cancer research. Oncolytics Biotech Inc in Canada has various Type I & II trials going forward using their compounded REOLYSIN® designed to focused on the development of oncolytic viruses as potential cancer therapeutics. Oncolytics’ clinical program includes a variety of Phase I and Phase I/II human trials.
