Push processing

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Push processing is a term from photography, referring to a development technique that increases the speed of the film being processed. Push processing is the opposite of pull processing, which is a similar technique designed to decrease the speed of the processed film.

By push processing film, a higher film speed than the manufacturer's indication can be achieved, allowing the film to be used under lighting conditions that would ordinarily be too low for good exposures. However, this comes at the cost of decreased quality: artifacts such as higher contrast, lower resolution, distorted colours, objectionable grain, etc. are often visible on film that has been push processed. Often, film is push processed to create these artifacts as part of an artistic effect. When a film has been push or pull processed, the resulting speed is called the EI, or exposure index; the film's ISO speed is always the manufacturer's indication. For example, an ISO 200 film could be push processed to EI 400 or pull processed to EI 100.

Push processing is more popular than pull processing as photographers usually want to make a film faster, not slower. As such, the term push processing is sometimes used as a generic term for both push processing and pull processing.

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