Prussian Secret Police

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The Prussian Secret Police (German: Preußische Geheimpolizei) was the state police agency of the German state of Prussia in the 19th century and early 20th century.

In 1851 Police Union of German States was set up by the police forces of Austria, Baden, and the German principalities of Prussia, Sachsen, Hannover, Bavaria, and Württemberg. It was specifically organsied to suppress political dissent in the wake of the 1848 Revolutions which spread across Germany. For the next fifteen years there were annual meetings. Karl Ludwig Friedrich von Hinckeldey, the Police President of Berlin was appointed by King Friedrich Wilhelm IV on November 16, 1848. He was to prove to be a key figure in the development of the secret police in Prussia as well as the whole union. By 1854 thanks to his close relationship with the King, he was appointed Generalpolizeidirektor (General Director of Police). Effectively he was a minister of police independent from the minister of the interior. Von Hinckeldey founded the Berlin political police in Berlin and developed a Prussian information system on political opponents, focussing on revolutionaries involved with the 1848 uprisings. But as he saw Paris and London as the centers of political intrigue he was keen to organise the policing of political opponents outside borders of national jurisdictions.

The Prussian Secret Police has historically held a bad reputation, as it was the model upon which the Gestapo was later founded. The Prussian Secret Police, however, did not routinely engage in persecution or abuse of police powers, and did not behave in the way that other secret police forces might.

The Prussian Secret Police ceased to exist in 1933 with the founding of the Gestapo and was never formed again since Prussia, as both a country and a state of Germany, no longer exists.