Pristinamycin

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Pristinamycin (INN), also spelt pristinamycine, is an antibiotic used primarily in the treatment of staphylococcal infections, and to a lesser extent streptococcal infections. It is a streptogramin group antibiotic, similar to virginiamycin, derived from the bacterium Streptomyces pristina spiralis. It is marketed in Europe by Sanofi-Aventis under the trade name Pyostacine.

Pristinamycin is a mixture of two components that have a synergistic antibacterial action. Pristinamycin I is a macrolide, and results in pristinamycin having a similar spectrum of action to erythromycin. Pristinamycin II is a depsipeptide.[1]

[edit] Clinical use

Despite the macrolide component, it is effective against erythromycin-resistant staphylococci and strepcococci.[2][3] Importantly, it is active against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Its usefulness for severe infections, however, may be limited by the lack of an intravenous formulation owing to its poor solubility.[4] Nevertheless it is sometimes used as an alternative to rifampicin+fusidic acid or linezolid for the treatment of MRSA.

The lack of an intravenous formulation led to the development of the pristinamycin-derivative quinupristin/dalfopristin, which may be administered intravenously for more severe MRSA infections.

[edit] See also

[edit] Footnotes

  1. ^ Hamilton-Miller J (1991). "From foreign pharmacopoeias: 'new' antibiotics from old?". J Antimicrob Chemother 27 (6): 702-5. PMID 1938680.
  2. ^ Weber P (2001). "[Streptococcus pneumoniae: lack of emergence of pristinamycin resistance]". Pathol Biol (Paris) 49 (10): 840-5. PMID 11776696.
  3. ^ Leclercq R, Soussy C, Weber P, Moniot-Ville N, Dib C (2003). "[In vitro activity of the pristinamycin against the isolated staphylococci in the french hospitals in 1999-2000]". Pathol Biol (Paris) 51 (7): 400-4. PMID 12948760.
  4. ^ (November 30, 2004) Edited by Sean C. Sweetman: Martindale: The complete drug reference, 34th edition, London: Pharmaceutical Press. ISBN 0-85369-550-4.
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