Primera División Peruana
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The Primera División Peruana (Peruvian First Division) is the top category of Peruvian football (soccer), and it's organized by the Federación Peruana de Fútbol. Currently, there are 12 teams in the first division.
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[edit] History
Football was played in Peru from the start of the 20th century by British residents where a league of sorts, the Campeonato Peruano (Peruvian Championship) was played in the capital Lima from 1912 to 1921. The Federación Peruana de Fútbol was founded in 1922. The Liga Nacional de Football (National Football League) was introduced, with two unofficial tournaments played in 1926 and 1927, and official F.P.F.-sanctioned tournaments starting the following year. This was still not strictly a national league as only clubs from the Lima and Callao areas could participate, but it was the strongest and the winners were regarded as national champions.
In 1951 the league, previously amateur, turned professional, and in 1966 a proper national league, the Campeonato Descentralizado (Decentralized Championship) was introduced, with teams from all over the country.
Starting in 1972, many different formats were used, with preliminary metropolitan (Lima area) and a complex network of regional leagues set up to qualify for a final Decentralised Championship to find the national champions, or championship groups (liguillas, "small leagues") following a regular season. An Apertura and Clausura format has been in place since 1997, with two half-year tournaments leading to a playoff final between its winners.
Traditionally the strongest teams have always been from Lima and include Alianza Lima (the "club of the poor"), Universitario (the "club of the rich"), Sporting Cristal and from nearby Callao, Sport Boys, though since the league has opened up, teams from the other regions have begun to make their presence felt more and more. In particular, a team from Cuzco, Cienciano, has been the only Peruvian team to win international tournaments (2003 Copa Sudamericana and 2004 Recopa Sudamericana), though it has yet to win the domestic championship.
[edit] Current Teams (2006)
Alianza Lima (Lima)
Sporting Cristal (Lima)
Unión Huaral (Huaral, Lima)
Coronel Bolognesi (Tacna)
Sport Áncash (Huaraz, Ancash)
Universitario (Lima)
Cienciano (Cuzco)
Alianza Atlético (Sullana, Piura)
Universidad San Martín de Porres (Lima)
José Gálvez (Chimbote, Ancash)
Sport Boys (Callao)
FBC Melgar (Arequipa)
[edit] Seasons
[edit] Clubs by titles
[edit] National titles
As of end of 2005
| Club | National titles | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Era | Status | Level | |||||
| Campeonato Peruano (1912-21) |
Liga Nacional (1926-65) |
Campeonato Descentralizado (1966-present) |
Unofficial (1912-27) |
Official (1928-present) |
Amateur (1912-50) |
Professional (1951-present) |
||
| Universitario[1] | 24 | 10 | 14 | 24 | 7 | 17 | ||
| Alianza Lima[2] | 21 | 2 | 12 | 7 | 3 | 18 | 8 | 13 |
| Sporting Cristal[3] | 15 | 2 | 13 | 15 | 15 | |||
| Sport Boys | 6 | 5 | 1 | 6 | 3 | 3 | ||
| Deportivo Municipal | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | ||||
| Unión Huaral | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | ||||
| Mariscal Sucre FC | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Atlético Chalaco | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | ||||
| CS Progreso | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | |||
| Lima Cricket FBC | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | ||||
| Sport José Gálvez[4] | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | ||||
| Defensor Lima | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| FBC Melgar | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| San Agustín | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Centro Iqueño | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Jorge Chávez | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Juan Bielovucic | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Sport Inca | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
[edit] Half-year titles (1997-present)
As of mid-2006
| Club | Half-year titles (1997-present) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Apertura | Clausura | |
| Alianza Lima[5] | 7 | 4 | 3 |
| Sporting Cristal | 5 | 1 | 4 |
| Universitario | 5 | 4 | 1 |
| Cienciano | 2 | 1 | 1 |
[edit] Notes
- ^ Includes titles as "Federación Universitaria" (until 1932).
- ^ Includes titles as "Sport Alianza" (Campeonato Peruano era).
- ^ Formerly "Sporting Tabaco" (until 1955), although no titles were won under that name.
- ^ Campeonato Peruano team from Lima, not to be confused with Club José Gálvez from Chimbote.
- ^ Includes 2003 Clausura, which was not officially awarded after being cut short by a players strike. Alianza Lima was the leader after 15 of 22 rounds, and was given the right to play for the national title against the Apertura winners, Sporting Cristal.
[edit] See also
[edit] External links
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International football
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| Alianza Lima | Sporting Cristal | Unión Huaral | Coronel Bolognesi | Sport Áncash | Universitario de Deportes Cienciano | Alianza Atlético | Universidad San Martín | José Gálvez | Sport Boys | FBC Melgar edit |
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| 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 edit | |
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Argentina | Bolivia | Brazil | Chile | Colombia | Ecuador | Paraguay | Peru | Uruguay | Venezuela |
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