Pingali Surana

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Pingali Surana (16th century CE) was a Telugu poet in the court of the king Krishnadevaraya and was one of the astadiggajas (a collective title of poets, literally meaning eight elephants) there. His exact birthplace is uncertain. There was a Pingali Village in the Krishna District though Surana most likely was not born there. He is, however, mentioned to be a native of Nidumanuri Krishnaraya Samudramu, though the village name of "Samudram" is relatively common to find in Southern Telugu Nadu. It has been suggested that this "Samudram" was located in the Kurnool or Nellore Districts.

Surana's parents were Abbamamba (mother) and Amarana (father), who came from a family of scholars. Surana wrote Prabhavatee Pradyumnamu and Kalapurnodayamu (more of a novel than a poem) in 1500 CE. Kalapurnodayamu featured such literary techniques as flashbacks, character transformation, as well as others (and coincidentily it was produced around the same time as Shakespeare's As You Like It which contained many of the same literary techniques). The book was highly acclaimed throughout the empire, and critics during the tome such as Kattamanci Ramalinga Reddi praised it as the best book ever written in telugu. Surana would also later on dedicate a book to Nandyala Krishna Raju of the Kurnool District who was a Vijayanagara Samanta Raju. Surana would also be known for his ability as a story teller and Pandita, as well as for his fondness of brain teasers (though he did not use this until his Kalapurnodayamu). Some claim that it was he who reinvented the Telugu Dvyarthi Kavya genre (double entendre) through writing Raghava Pandaveeyam in 1555 CE where each poem references to the tale of Ramayanam or Mahabharatam. Other works by Surana include his earliest writing Garuda Pruanamu in Telugu as well as his Prabhavatee Pradyumnamu (dedicated to his father and featuring Srungara Rasam)

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Astadiggajas

Peddana • Thimmana • Madayyagari Mallana • Dhurjati • Ayyalaraju Ramambhadrudu •
Pingali Surana • Ramarajabhushanudu • Tenali Ramakrishna
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