Pietro Andrea Mattioli
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Pietro Andrea Gregorio Mattioli (1500-1577) was a doctor and naturalist born in Siena.
He practiced the profession in Siena, Rome, Trento and Gorizia, becoming personal doctor of Ferdinand and Maximilian II. A careful student of botany, he described 100 new plants and coordinated the medical botany of his time in his Discorsi ("Commentaries") on the Materia Medica of Dioscorides. The first edition of Mattioli's work appeared in 1544 in Latin. There were several later editions in Latin, and translations into Italian, French, and German.