Talk:Peter Mogila
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[edit] A starting note
The Ukrainian Wikipedia has an image [1] that is very tempting to use but it does not provide any info on its source. If anyone can find out that that image is indeed free from copyright restrictions, please post the info here or just add the image to the article. The article itself is also a good source of information to be used here.
One more note: This historic figure is of a profound importance in several cultures and we should be careful to avoid conflicts about the terms. To start with the very title, I used Peter Mogila because this is the name this person is called in English literature (for example in Britannica). I hope, the editors will be careful with choosing the best terms (I will also try my best) and will concentrate on the article content rather than in pushing the terms they favor into the article. This is not to say, that terms I chose are the best, but I tried. Thanks to all, who will contribute Irpen 03:22, Mar 20, 2005 (UTC)
- There's no reason to assume that image is infringing copyright. Perhaps it is scanned from a book, but if it is not identifiable as such, then I think the image of the painting itself is free of copyright under U.S. law (it looks old enough to me). Pre-1973 Soviet publications are also out of copyright. I'll move it to English-language WP.
- Regarding the name, all the popular references are naturally using his name in Russian. But it seems that the people actually using his name, in both academic and other contexts, are Ukrainian (esp. the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, and their U.S. foundation). You can get some idea of this by looking at image search results Petro Mohyla (14 relevant results on 9 sites), Peter Mogila (0), Petro Mogila (0). —Michael Z. 2005-04-15 15:16 Z
[edit] To be merged
from St. Peter Moghila
Petru Movila, descendant of the Romanian boyar family Movila, whose members ruled for some periods the Romanian medieval states of Moldavia and Wallachia, took the chair of Kyiv Mitropoly into then Polish territory of Ukraine. Had the big merritt to introduce for the first time the western-style instruction and Latin language study into the Orthodox Church, and to unify the big thesis of Russian, Greek, Constantinople and Romanian orthodox churches (Iassy Declaration).
Even if he was not a native Ukrainian, Petu Movila produced the first recognition of the orthodox (mainly Ukrainian) church in the Polish terittories. He established many printing workshops, in Ukraine and abroad.
The legend of Movila family is related to the ruler of Moldavia Stephen the Great (Stefan cel Mare) who, during a battle, was raised on his horse's saddle on the back of a little boyar (named Aprodul Purice). The boyar thus added, for him and his family, the surname of Movila ("little hill" in Romanian language).
from Peter Mogilas
Peter Mogilas, or Petru Movilă in Romanian, (1597-1647), was Metropolitan of Kiev and author of the Greek Confessio Orthodoxa, or Orthodox Confession.
He was born of a Wallachian family ca. 1597.
He was elevated to the metropolitanate in 1632 by Patriarch Theophanes of Jerusalem, and published several liturgical works.
In 1638, he prepared the first draft of his "Confession" with the aid of three of his bishops. The work, originally written in Latin, with a Romaic Greek version by Meletius Syrigus, was amended and approved by the Synod of Kiev in 1640, and by that of Jassy in Moldavia in 1642. With an introduction by Nectarius of Jerusalem (1642) and the approbation of Parthenius (1643) this "Orthodox Confession of the Catholic and Apostolic Church of the East" was first printed at Amsterdam in 1667. Several editions followed, the best that of E. J. Kimmel, in his Libri symbolici (Jena, 1843). The "Confession" was translated into Romanian in 1691 and into Russian in 1696.
The situation of the period was one of struggle for the Greek Church to preserve her individuality between Roman Catholicism, working vigorously in Russia and Poland, on the one hand, and Protestantism, to which individual Greeks (notably Cyril Lucar) felt themselves drawn, on the other. As the patriarchate at Constantinople was far too weak to take any step decisive for the Church at large, the overthrow of Cyril's creed by another based upon Greek tradition naturally proceeded from the younger, but more independent, Russian Church. The immediate cause of the "Confession" was a Roman Catholic catechism printed at Kiev, in 1632.
The "Confession" is a comprehensive summary of the doctrines of the Greek Church, and its substance is given in its declaration that the requisites of the Catholic Christian for eternal life are "orthodox faith and good works." This twofold division is obscured by Mogilas' basal arrangement according to faith, hope, and love, comprised in exegesis of the Nicene Creed, the Lord's Prayer and the Sermon on the Mount, and the Decalogue.
A further twofold division is into the Bible and tradition, the latter leading to numerous patristic citations, especially from Gregory, Athanasius, Basil, Dionysius, and John of Damascus.
The Confession lays out a stance on a number of doctrinal issues. In the doctrine of the Trinity a distinction is drawn, though not too subtlely, between the essential and hypostatic idiomata. The controversy on the procession of the Holy Ghost is decided chiefly because of the lack of the Filioque clause in the oldest text of the Creed. The creation is traced in Greek fashions through nine classes of angels to man, who is termed a microcosm. The omnipresence of God is reconciled with his exaltation by the statement that, "himself being his own place," he at once controls and excludes all limitations of space. The definitions of original sin lack Roman Catholic and Protestant definiteness. Through disobedience Adam lost his perfect reason, righteousness, and ignorance of sin, and his nature became exceedingly inclined to evil. But he was only weakened, not destroyed, so that the spirit and grace of God might freely operate upon him--a synergism which is indispensable to Greek theology.
In his discussion of foreknowledge, foreordination, and providence, Mogilas makes the second conditioned by the first, while the third combines the other two, controls them, and thus guides all earthly things in the best possible way. The sole head of the Church is Christ, and the mother Church is Jerusalem. The traditional seven sacraments are defended, though the influence of non-Greek developments may here be discerned.
The second section of the "Confession" is on hope, or the grace partly given and partly promised by Christ. The exegesis is conditioned by ecclesiastical and ascetic points of view, while parallels and lists of analogies take the place of inner development. Revelation 4:5 and Isaiah 6:2 afford bases for the theory of the seven graces, and Galatians 5:22 for the doctrine of the nine fruits of the Spirit.
There are likewise nine rules of the Church (including confession, fasting, and avoidance of heretical books) and seven works of mercy each for the body and the soul, the number nine corresponding to the angels and seven to the sacraments and their effects.
In the third part of the "Confession," with its theme of love and its exegesis of the Decalogue, the same themes are further developed under the captions of the seven virtues of prayer, fasting, benevolence, understanding, righteousness, bravery, and moderation. The first two commandments give rise to a justification of the invocation of the saints and the use of icons. The saints are invoked, but not prayed to, as the friends of God; while icons are considered representations of actual persons and things, and hence fitted to raise the thought from the material to the celestial, and so to God. The worship, therefore, is not received by the icons, but by the divinity or the saint represented.
The "Confession" of Mogilas, accordingly, reproduces the point of view of ancient Catholicism, as maintained by the Eastern Church in opposition to Rome; nor can it be said, as is sometimes thought, that it is either Roman Catholic or Lutheran in tendency.
This article includes content derived from the public domain Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge, 1914.
- When you are merging these, please exclude references to him being "Wallachian", and stick to "Moldavian". His family was Moldavian aristocracy. (I should mention that this has nothing to do with the Romanian-Moldovan dispute, in case you consider wether this is biased. It's just that Wallachia and Moldavia were different countries.)Dahn 20:14, 6 December 2005 (UTC)
[edit] about mohyla-movila
Somehow I lost the picture, so if you know a way to retrieve it, please do. About the transliteration of the name in English, 1) think of him first from the Romanian perspective: if the man's name is Movila, and he kept it (he didn't take a religious name) then probably he had his reasons; maybe he didn't want to lose the connection with his family, which was a strong one. 2) then think of him from the Ukrainian perspective: mohyla/mogila means obituary in Ukrainian language. Now, how would you like for the world to find personalities in the English-speaking area like John Skeleton, Kelly Broken Belly, Peg No Leg, especially when these aren't in fact their names? In conclusion: the guy lived most of his time in Moldavia and Wallachia - he was a landowner, a soldier and a church builder; but did most of the things for which he is now famous, in now Ukraine. Although he was in cordial relations with the Polish court and nobility, he fought for the rights of his brothers of faith (the Ukrainians, which were Orthodox, like the Romanians themselves), a thing that brought him the consecration in the highest religious position. So the transliteration PETRO MOVILA, I think, won't harm anyone It respects the local scent (more like, for example, Peter Mogila), and, when pronounced, eliminating the harder-to-read letters, sounds pretty similar to all the other proposed names. After all, he is a saint of three orthodox churches (Ukrainian, Romanian, Polish).
[edit] Mogila/Mohyla
Yakudza, please control your itch to purge anything Russian from everything related to Ukraine. This case here is very clear. Britannica article is called Peter Mogila (note that EB is the source frequently used by our main Ukrainizer, user:AndriyK. On top of that, in plenty of English books he is called Mogila. The google books search for Mogila Metropolitan gives 132 books (this included only books indexed by google books, there are more of course. A similar search for Mohyla Metropolitan gives some 80 books as well, but some of them use "Mohyla (Mogila)"[2], some included twice and so on. That our friend frivolously moved the article with his trademark trick without the discussion is no excuse for you to continue on his footstep to totally purge a relevant name. If this continues, I will as at WP:AN for the article to be moved back as per the decision of an ArbCom which says "Moved pages which have become irreversible by adding to the page history of the redirect page may be moved back without the necessity of a vote at Wikipedia:Requested moves." That would then require a vote to repeat the frivolous move, not the other way around. --Irpen 21:20, 11 May 2006 (UTC)
- "Peter Mogila" is already mentioned in the article. Please bring the reference in support of the use of "Pyotr Mogila". KPbIC 21:47, 11 May 2006 (UTC)
- Some 17th century Romanian-language sources use the version "Moghila", i.e. with a hard "g" (spelled "gh" in Romanian), not with "h", so I assume that back then, the name was widely pronounced like this. bogdan 18:31, 13 May 2006 (UTC)
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- If Russians and Ukrainians continue to argue about such nonsense, why not rename the article Petru Movilă? After all, he was probably a native speaker of Romanian. ;-) --Daniel Bunčić 07:06, 14 May 2006 (UTC)
LOL! A good point! Please stay around :) --Irpen 07:24, 14 May 2006 (UTC)
[edit] Keep Russian propaganda out of here
Modern Russian spellings and links to Russian language DO NOT belong here. КРЫС, please keep me informed of the situation hare in case if I miss something.AlexPU 18:27, 13 May 2006 (UTC)
[edit] Title
I've moved this page back to it's original title per Wikipedia:Requests for arbitration/AndriyK#Reversal of irreversible page moves:
| Moved pages which have become irreversible by adding to the page history of the redirect page may be moved back without the necessity of a vote at Wikipedia:Requested moves. |
—Khoikhoi 05:40, 22 October 2006 (UTC)
- Also, it's Wikipedia policy to use the most common term in English for something, regardless of whether it's "correct" or not. This is applied throughout our encyclopedia for establishing the titles of the articles.
- So, it's not hard to see that "Peter Mogila" is the more common name:
Khoikhoi, the decision of arbcom gives a permition, not an obligation to revert AndriyK's page moves.
It's Wikipedia policy to use the most common term in English, as supported by established sources. Per Google book search, "Petro Mohyla" is the most common name, as it has been used more widely in the published sources than the alternative "Peter Mogila" (495 vs 331) [3], [4].—The preceding unsigned comment was added by 134.84.5.56 (talk • contribs).
- False. Petro Mohyla google books search produces just 43 hits.[5] while Peter Mogila produces 124.[6] --Irpen 20:54, 26 October 2006 (UTC)
And, as this is an English wikipedia, it would be nice to restrict the search to English pages:
