Peter Yorck von Wartenburg
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Peter Graf Yorck von Wartenburg (born 13 November 1904 in Klein-Öls near Ohlau, Lower Silesia, now Oława, Poland; died 8 August 1944 in Berlin) was a German jurist and resistance fighter against the Nazi régime.
Peter Graf Yorck von Wartenburg came from a house of Silesian landowners. He was descended from Generals Louis Ferdinand Prince of Prussia and Johann David Ludwig Graf Yorck von Wartenburg, who were both his great-great-granfathers. Also, he was philosopher Paul Yorck von Wartenburg's grandson. Peter Graf Yorck von Wartenburg studied law in Rossleben, Silesia, after his Abitur, and from 1923 in Bonn and Breslau (now Wrocław, Poland). During his studies, he joined the Corps Borussia Bonn Studentenverbindung among whose members had been many sons of high nobility, among them Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany. After the junior lawyers' examination in 1926, his 1927 dissertation on "The Liability Of Bodies Of Public Law For Provisions Of The Workers And Soldiers' Councils", the graduate examination in 1930, and a short time working as a lawyer, he became in 1932 an official with the Osthilfe, a Weimar Republic programme for promoting the agricultural economy in East Prussia. In 1934, he became an official at the Breslau Oberpräsidium, and in 1936 in the authority of the commissar for pricing.
Since Yorck von Wartenburg refused to join the NSDAP owing to his democratic and humanistic convictions, he was as of 1938 no longer promoted and never ranked any higher than a chief government adviser, despite his performance and capability, which had been acknowledged by superiors.
At a family celebration in 1938, Yorck von Wartenburg became acquainted with his distant relative Helmuth James Graf von Moltke. This way he came into contact with various régime opponents, such as his cousin Berthold Graf Schenk von Stauffenberg and Adam von Trott zu Solz. Also, with Fritz-Dietlof von der Schulenburg and Ulrich Wilhelm Graf Schwerin von Schwanenfeld he early on discussed Germany's constitution after the Nazis' downfall. He saw the outbreak of the Second World War as a lieutenant functioning as a tank regiment adjutant. His opposition to the régime and his dislike of the war were strengthened by his brothers' deaths in the German invasion of Poland. He therefore counted himself among the founding members of the Kreisau Circle in 1940.
In 1942, Yorck von Wartenburg was posted to the Armament Ministry after an injury to an intervertebral disk rendered him incapable of frontline service. When Moltke's flat was bombed out in 1943, he moved into Yorck von Wartenburg's flat at Hortensienstraße 50 in Berlin-Lichterfelde. After Moltke's arrest and closer contact with his cousin Claus Graf Schenk von Stauffenberg, Yorck von Wartenburg recommended the swift implementation of the plans to assassinate Adolf Hitler.
After the failure of the plot at the Wolf's Lair in East Prussia on 20 July 1944, upon whose success Peter Graf Yorck von Wartenburg would have become the Vice-Chancellor's Secretary of State, he was instead arrested the next day, sentenced to death by the Volksgerichtshof on 8 August 1944, and put to death by hanging the same day at Plötzensee Prison in Berlin.
[edit] Literature
- Marion Gräfin Yorck von Wartenburg, Die Stärke der Stille. Erzählung eines Lebens aus dem deutschen Widerstand; Köln 1984 (ISBN 3-87067-717-1)
[edit] External links
- Works by and about Peter Yorck von Wartenburg in the German National Library catalogue
- Photograph of von Wartenburg before the Volksgerichtshof
- Biography: Marion Gräfin Yorck von Wartenburg
