Peshat
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Peshat [or Pshat] is one of four classical methods used by Jewish bible scholars to understand the Hebrew bible. It is considered the most straitforward understanding of biblical text and by definition precludes hermeneutic devices or other methodological devices such Drash, Sod, and Remez which approach the text with different goals. Whenever possible, the peshat explanation will attempt to retain a literal understanding of the text.