Patriote movement
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The Patriote movement was a political movement that existed in Lower Canada (present-day Quebec) from the turning of the 19th century to the Patriote Rebellion of 1837 and 1838 and the subsequent Act of Union of 1840. It was politically embodied by the Parti patriote at the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada. It was inspired by the Enlightenment, the French Revolution, the American Revolution, the decolonization of the Americas, as well as the political philosophy of classical liberalism. It was an early form of Quebec nationalism and ultimately gave birth to the first Quebec independence movement. One of its greatest figures was Legislative Assembly president Louis-Joseph Papineau. It was conveyed through the newspapers Le Canadien and La Minerve.
The movement demanded democratic reforms, notably responsible government for Lower Canada, and presented the Ninety-Two Resolutions to Great Britain to obtain them. Those were in great part denied by the Russell Resolutions, which resulted in a radicalization of the Patriotes and their moving closer to demands of outright independence and a Lower Canada republic. Many of its followers ended up taking part in the Patriote Rebellion, also known as the Lower Canada Rebellion, which was crushed by the British army and its volunteers of Loyals, as they were called.
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