Park and ride
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Park and ride facilities are public transport stations that allow commuters to leave their personal vehicles in a parking lot and transfer to a bus, rail system (rapid transit. light rail or commuter rail) or carpool for the rest of their trip. The vehicle is stored in the lot during the day and retrieved when the commuter returns. Park and rides are generally located in the suburbs of metropolitan areas or on the outer edges of large cities.
Partly because of the concentration of riders, these terminals often have express transit service, with a limited number of stops and often taking a faster route if available, such as a high-occupancy vehicle lane. The service may only take passengers in one direction in the morning (typically toward a central business district) and in the opposite direction in the evening, with no or a limited number of trips available in the middle of the day. It is often not allowed to park at these locations overnight. Overall, these attributes vary from region to region.
Park and ride schemes are often marketed as a way to avoid the difficulties and cost of parking within the city center. Park and ride lots allow commuters to avoid the stress of driving a congested part their journey and/or facing scarce, expensive downtown parking. It is hoped that the lots will reduce both of these problems by making it easier for people to take the bus or train into town. Sometimes, even these lots become too busy, and people sometimes organize to carpool to the station to combat crowding.
Some railway stations are promoted as a park and ride facility for a distant town, for instance Liskeard railway station for Looe, and Lelant Saltings railway station for St Ives, both in Cornwall, England. These train services are generally less frequent than would be expected of a Park and ride bus service. As of 2005, Norwich has the biggest Park & Ride in the UK, operating from six separate sites around the city.
In the United States it is common for outlying rail stations to include automobile parking, often hundreds of spaces. Boston, for example, has built several large parking facilities at its commuter rail and metro stations near major highways and large arterial surface roads around the periphery of the city: Alewife, Braintree, Forest Hills, Hyde Park, Quincy Adams, Riverside, Route 128, Wellington, Woburn. The local transit operator, the MBTA, has almost 46000 park and ride spaces.
[edit] Kiss and ride
Many train stations and airports with good road connections include a separate area where cars can discharge passengers in the morning and pick them up in the evening, allowing the driver, often a spouse and possibly after a kiss (hence the name), to quickly return to the highway.
Park and rides are ideally suited for alternative fuel cars, which often have reduced range. In addition, some transit operators use park and ride facilities to encourage more efficient driving practices by reserving parking spaces for low emission designs, high occupancy vehicles, or car sharing.
