Paragard

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The Paragard T-380A is a copper-T IUD produced by Barr Laboratories. It is the only copper-containing intrauterine device approved for use in the United States (a hormonal uterine device, the Mirena, also approved). The Paragard consists of a T-shaped polyethylene frame wound with copper wire, along with two monofilament threads to aid in removal of the IUD. The Paragard is typically inserted and removed under local anesthesia in a gynecologist's office. The Paragard is good for ten years, after which it should be removed and replaced if desired. The Paragard can be used as a form of emergency contraception if inserted within three to five days after unprotected intercourse, and it can be inserted directly after childbirth or abortion.

Like all (non-hormonal) IUDs, the Paraguard prompts the release of leukocytes and prostaglandins by the endometrium. These substances are hostile to both sperm and eggs; the presence of copper increases this spermicidal effect. Although the only experimentally demonstrated effect is spermicidal/ovicidal, it is possible the IUD may rarely prevent the development of embryos.^[1][2]

The Paragard's perfect and typical use effectiveness rate is 99.4%. First year expulsion rate is 5.7%, with expulsion rates dropping off sharply after the first year. There is a higher risk of expulsion for nulliparous women. Side effects can include heavier or longer periods, worsening cramps and may include a slightly increased risk of PID.

[edit] External links

• Paragard Patient Information and Insertion Instructions

[edit] References

1. ^ Mechanisms of the Contraceptive Action of Hormonal Methods and Intrauterine Devices (IUDs). Family Health International (2006). Retrieved on 2006-07-05.
2. ^ Keller, Sarah (Winter 1996, Vol. 16, No. 2). IUDs Block Fertilization. Network. Family Health International. Retrieved on 2006-07-05.