Orders of magnitude (density)
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Factor | Multiple | Value | Item |
---|---|---|---|
10-27 | 1 yoctogram (yg)/m3 | 1 × 10-27 kg/m3 | very approximate density of the universe |
10-24 | 1 zeptogram (zg)/m3 | ||
10-22 | 100 zg/m3 | 1 × 10-22 kg/m3 | probable lowest observed density of space in galactic spiral arm (1 hydrogen atom every 16 cubic centimetres) |
10-21 | 1 attogram (ag)/m3 | ||
10-20 | |||
10-19 | |||
10-18 | 1 femtogram (fg)/m3 | 1 × 10-18 kg/m3 | observed density of space in core of galaxy (600 hydrogen atoms in every cubic centimetre) |
10-17 | 10 fg/m3 | 1 × 10-17 kg/m3 | best vacuum from a laboratory (1.3 nPa) |
10-16 | |||
10-15 | 1 picogram (pg)/m3 | ||
10-14 | |||
10-13 | |||
10-12 | 1 nanogram (ng)/m3 | ||
10-11 | |||
10-10 | |||
10-9 | 1 microgram (μg)/m3 | ||
10-8 | |||
10-7 | |||
10-6 | 1 milligram (mg)/m3 | ||
10-5 | 1.34 × 10-5 kg/m3 | Earth atmosphere at 82 kilometre altitude | |
10-4 | 1.09 × 10-4 kg/m3 | Earth atmosphere at 68 kilometre altitude | |
10-3 | 1 gram (g)/m3 | 1 gram (g)/m3 | vacuum from a mechanical vacuum pump |
10-2 | 10 gram (g)/m3 | 1.35 × 10-2 kg/m3 | Earth atmosphere at 32 kilometre altitude |
90 g/m3 | hydrogen gas, the least dense substance at STP | ||
10-1 | 1.66 × 10-2 | Earth atmosphere at 16 kilometre altitude | |
100 | 1 kilogram (kg)/m3 | 1.48 kg/m3 | Earth atmosphere at sea level |
3 kg/m3 | typical density of aerogel | ||
101 | |||
102 | 945 kg/m3 | average human body after inhalation | |
985 kg/m3 | average human body | ||
103 | 1 megagram (Mg)/m3 1 tonne (t)/m3 |
1000 kg/m3 | liquid water at 4°C |
1025 kg/m3 | average human body after exhalation | ||
104 | 10000 kg/m3 | 10490 kg/m3 | silver |
11340 kg/m3 | lead | ||
22650 kg/m3 | iridium, the densest known substance at STP | ||
105 | 150,000 kg/m3 | core of the Sun | |
106 | 1 gigagram (Gg)/m3 | ||
107 | |||
108 | |||
109 | 1 teragram (Tg)/m3 | white dwarf | |
1010 | |||
1011 | |||
1012 | 1 petagram (Pg)/m3 | ||
1013 | 1 × 1013 kg/m3 | 2 × 1013 kg/m3 | Universe at end of electroweak epoch (approximately) |
1014 | |||
1015 | 1 exagram (Eg)/m3 | ||
1016 | |||
1017 | 2 × 1017 kg/m3 | atomic nuclei and neutron stars | |
1018 | 1 zettagram (Zm)/m3 | ||
1019 | |||
1020 | |||
1021 | 1 yottagram (Yg)/m3 | ||
… | |||
1096 | 5.1 × 1096 kg/m3 | Planck density |