Order of the Iron Crown

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The Imperial Order of the Iron Crown was established June 5, 1805 by Napoleon Bonaparte (under his title of King Napoleon I of Italy). It took its name from the ancient "iron crown", a medieval jewel with an iron ring, forged from what was supposed to be a nail from the cross as a band on the inside. This crown also gave its name to the Italian Order of the Crown.

The order originally consisted of three classes of Knights, 20 grand crosses, 30 commanders, and 50 knights. In 1815, the order was adopted by Austria after regaining control of Northern Italy. Re-established on January 1, 1816 by Emperor Franz I of Austria, it became known as the Order of the Iron Crown (Orden der Eisernen-Krone) and was awarded in three grades to noblemen. Recipients who were commoners were ennobled by receiving the order. They could ask the emperor for a diploma that confirmed their nobility. The order was abolished in 1918.


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