Orchard Road
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 Orchard Road highlighted in red |
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| English | Orchard Road |
| Chinese | 乌节路 |
| (Pinyin | Wūjíe-lù) |
| Malay | Orchard Road |
| Tamil | fill in |
Orchard Road is a road in Singapore that is the retail and entertainment hub of the city-state. It is regularly frequented by the local population as well as being a major tourist attraction. Often the surrounding area is known as Orchard and associated with the road.
The immediate vicinity of Orchard Road, Orchard Planning Area is one of 55 urban planning areas as specified by the Urban Redevelopment Authority, and is a commercial district. It is part of the Central Region, and Singapore's central business district, the Central Area.
During the National Day Rally Speech 2005, Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong said that he would create more landmark buildings to create more fun in the district. The aim is partly to keep up with other neighbouring cities such as Hong Kong and Shanghai.
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[edit] Geography
Orchard Road is a one-way street. It starts just before its intersection with Scotts Road, which is the location of the Orchard MRT Station. It then stretches southeast past Bideford Road, Somerset MRT Station, Central Expressway, Dhoby Ghaut MRT Station, and ends at the intersection with Handy Road (just before Prinsep Street), where it becomes Bras Basah Road. It has an extensive underground infrastructure, including underground pedestrian walkways between the malls running underneath the street and also other streets in the vicinity.
[edit] History
Orchard Road got its name from the nutmeg, pepper and fruit orchards that used to lie on either side of the street in the 1800s. Commercial development only began in the twentieth century, and took off in the 1970s.
Orchard Road was already cut in the 1830s, though the new road was not named in George Coleman's 1836 Map of Singapore. In the 1830s the Orchard Road area was the scene of gambier and pepper plantations. Later, nutmeg plantations and fruit orchards predominated, hence its name.
By 1846, the spread of houses had reached up to Tank Road. There were none on the left side and only three or four houses went past Tank Road on the right side of Orchard Road.
One major sight during this period was a Mr Orchard tending his garden, which helped endorse the road's name. He had a garden and plantation at the corner of what is now Scotts Road and Orchard Road.
Towards the later part of the 1840s, graveyards began to appear along the road. By 1846, the Chinese had a large graveyard around what is now the Mandarin Hotel and Ngee Ann City, while the Sumatrans from Bencoolen had their burial ground where the current Grand Central Hotel stands. Later a Jewish cemetery was established; it was located where Dhoby Ghaut MRT Station is now situated, and demolished in 1984.
In the 1860s, Orchard Road had a great number of private houses and bungalows on hills looking down through the valley where the road passed through. Early in the 1890s, His Majesty Somdetch Phra Paramindr Maha Chulalongkorn, the supreme King of Siam, acquired "Hurricane House" in the vicinity of Orchard Road through Tan Kim Cheng, the Thai Consul in Singapore. Two further pieces of adjoining property were added later and these subsequently became the site of the present Royal Thai Embassy at 370 Orchard Road.
In the early 20th century, it was noted that Orchard Road "present[ed] the appearance of a well-shaded avenue to English mansion[s]", comparable in its "quiet but effective beauty to Devonshire lanes." The Chinese called the area tang leng pa sat koi or "Tanglin market street". The Tamils refer to the road as vaira kimadam or "fakir's place", and muttu than (high ground), a reference to the hilly nature of the area.
[edit] Notable past and present landmarks
Perhaps the most elegant building on Orchard Road is the Istana, at its southern end. Nibong palms survive near its entrance, with a plaque that reads: "As the nibong is a mangrove palm, this site must have once been a mangrove swamp." If this information is accurate, then Orchard Road was once a muddy swamp and these palms remnants of that original habitat.
On the northern side of Orchard Road is the Botanic Gardens. Along Scotts Road is Goodwood Park Hotel, a fine example of colonial architecture and a monument. At the junction of Scotts Road and Orchard Road is C.K. Tang, one of the earliest upmarket department stores in Singapore.
About halfway down Orchard Road are Cairnhill and Emerald Hill, where the rich Chinese built their residences, now prime properties sought after by affluent professionals and expatriates. Next to Emerald Hill is Centrepoint, which houses the supermarket Cold Storage, possibly the oldest surviving business establishment in the area. Other establishments have not been so fortunate. Amber Mansions, one of the earliest apartment blocks in Singapore, built around the turn of the 20th century, was torn down in the 1980s to make way for the Dhoby Ghaut MRT Station.
Occupying the site of the former Pavilion Cinema, Specialists' Shopping Centre was one of the earliest redevelopment projects on Orchard Road. Its flagship store is John Little, which has been trading in Singapore since the mid-19th century, when it opened its first outlet in Commercial Square (now Raffles Place).
[edit] Shopping
Orchard Road is flanked by pedestrian malls. A retail complex under construction at the site named Orchard Turn has the distinction of also being a future residential area, and is planned to be completed by Christmas 2008.
Orchard Road also contains numerous upmarket restaurants, coffee chains, cafés, nightclubs and hotels. It is also the site of the official residence of the President of Singapore, the Istana.
[edit] List of shopping malls
- Ngee Ann City — The mall opened in 1993 and is the largest shopping mall in the Orchard Road shopping belt. It houses branded boutiques such as Vacheron Constantin, Louis Vuitton and Chanel as well as Japanese department store, Takashimaya. The mall is also home to Southeast Asia's largest bookstore, Books Kinokuniya.
- Wisma Atria — Opened in 1986, it underwent renovation recently with its trademark blue facade replaced with a glass facade. The basement has a large aquarium which is popular with children. There is a 900 seat food court on the 4th floor which is run by the BreadTalk Group. The mall is directly connected to Orchard station.
- Plaza Singapura — Located next to the Istana, the mall opened in 1974 with a now defunct Yaohan department store. It was revamped twice, in 1998 and 2003 with the former having a totally revamped now and the latter with a new tenant mix. It houses a Golden Village cineplex, Carrefour and other shops.
- Lucky Plaza — A main focal point for domestic Filipino workers to meet their friends during their off days. The place is known to be very crowded on Sundays with many shops selling products from the Philippines.
- Far East Plaza — Far East Plaza opened in 1982 with a Metro which has since closed down. Popular with students with its cheap fashion items in the building. Also known for its cheap food outlets. The mall has since underwent renovation.
- Wheelock Place — Houses the Borders bookstore, one of the largest bookstores in the country. Formerly known as Lane Crawford Place which housed Lane Crawford but closed during the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis.
- Paragon — Paragon is a high-end shopping mall selling branded items with a Metro department store and a Marks & Spencer store as well. The place also has a Toys 'R' Us and a number of restaurants.
- The Heeren Shops — Heeren sells items mainly for youngsters and house a HMV store. The site was formerly a colonial building.
- Tang Plaza — Tang Plaza is home to a homegrown department store, Tangs.
- Centrepoint Shopping Centre — The mall opened in 1983 and has Robinsons and Marks and Spencer as its anchor tenants. Currently undergoing renovation, it is expected to be completed by early 2007.
- Forum the Shopping Mall — Forum sells mainly branded childrens' clothes and accessories with a Toys "R" Us on the third floor. It also has a number of branded boutiques such as Emporio Armani and Max Mara.
- Shaw House and Centre — Shaw House is home to the Isetan department store and on the fifth and sixth floors is where the Lido 8 Cineplex is located, which has one of the largest cinema halls in the country.
- Specialist's Shopping Centre — Home to the John Little department store, Specialist's Shopping Centre also sells other items and has tuition centres. The building is below Hotel Phoenix and is adjacent to Somerset station.
- Mandarin Gallery — Located inside Meritus Mandarin Singapore with shops such as The Link and Esprit.
- Orchard Point — Home to local department store, OG, it used to have art galleries, but was closed when OG decided to take over.
- Hilton Singapore — Located inside the hotel itself, the Hilton Shopping Gallery houses branded boutiques such as Louis Vuitton, Cartier, Bulgari, Donna Karan and Dolce & Gabbana.
- Palais Renaissance — Palais Rennaisance was completed in 1993 and mainly houses branded boutiques.
- Liat Towers — International names such as Audemars Piguet, Massimo Dutti and Zara are housed in the building. The building once housed Planet Hollywood and Singapore's first McDonald's. Also, it housed the Isetan department store at one time.
- Scotts Shopping Centre — Scotts Shopping Centre houses Singapore's first food court and above is the Ascott Singapore.
[edit] Transport
[edit] Public transport
[edit] Mass Rapid Transit
There are three major MRT stations situated in the Orchard Road vicinity. They are Orchard, Somerset and Dhoby Ghaut. These three stations are important hubs for commuters, locals, students and tourists who travel to the Orchard Road shopping and business district.
[edit] Buses
There are many bus services provided by SBS Transit [1] and SMRT [2] that go to Orchard Road. The major bus stops along Orchard Road are situated at:
- Delfi Orchard
- Dhoby Ghaut MRT Station
- Le Meridien Shopping Centre
- Lucky Plaza
- MacDonald House
- Opposite Meritus Mandarin Singapore
- Orchard Emerald
- Orchard Plaza
- Royal Thai Embassy
- Tang Plaza
- YMCA
[edit] Taxi
Visitors can also travel to Orchard Road via taxi. There are taxi stands at Forum the Shopping Mall, all hotels, Lucky Plaza, Wisma Atria, Ngee Ann City, Paragon, The Heeren Shops, Centrepoint Shopping Centre, one next to Specialists' Shopping Centre and Plaza Singapura.
[edit] Vehicular access
Visitors accessing Orchard Road by road usually enter from the west via Napier Road, before exiting Orchard Road at Bras Basah Road. Coming from the north, vehicles can enter via Bukit Timah Road and Scotts Road which leads into Orchard Road. From the south, vehicles can enter through Orchard Boulevard and Paterson Road.
[edit] References
- National Heritage Board (2002), Singapore's 100 Historic Places, Archipelago Press, ISBN 981-4068-23-3
- Victor R Savage, Brenda S A Yeoh (2003), Toponymics - A Study of Singapore Street Names, Eastern Universities Press, ISBN 981-210-205-1
- RedDot Publishing Inc (2005), The Official Map of Singapore, RedDot Publshing Inc.
[edit] See also
[edit] External links
- orchardroad.sg - connect.shop.enjoy - An Orchard Road portal site by Orchard Road Business Association.
- Orchard Road travel guide from Wikitravel
- Singapore Lifestyle Wiki - More comprehensive Directory of Orchard Road
